Avaliação da qualidade de amostras comerciais de leite de janaguba (Himatanthus drasticus (Mart. ) Plumel) em Fortaleza – Ceará / Quality assessment of commercial samples of janaguba’s milk (Himatanthus drasticus (Mart. ) Plumel) in Fortaleza – Ceará.

RESUMO Os fitoterápicos à base de leite de janaguba (Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel), usados para o tratamento de câncer, úlcera gástrica e outras doenças, são muito vendidos em mercados públicos de Fortaleza (CE). No entanto, registros mencionam que é comum a troca deste leite por látex de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes). O trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade físico-química, química e microbiológica de amostras comerciais do leite de janaguba. Dez amostras comerciais foram adquiridas de um mercado de Fortaleza; quatro amostras autênticas de látex de janaguba foram obtidas da chapada do Araripe e uma amostra de látex de mangabeira foi obtida em Paracuru (CE). Foram determinados o aspecto geral, densidade, pH, resíduo seco, volume de sedimentação, perfil cromatográfico e qualidade microbiológica das amostras. Os resultados mostraram elevada contaminação microbiológica nas preparações comerciais e adulteração em seis destas amostras, o que aponta a urgente implantação de uma efetiva farmacovigilância dos fitoterápicos a fim de tornar seu consumo mais seguro e racional.

ABSTRACT The herbal medicines made from janaguba milk (Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel), used to treat gastric ulcer, cancer and other diseases, and arewidely sold in the public markets of Fortaleza (CE). However, records mention that it is common to make fake copies of the milk by using mango tree latex (Hanconia speciosa Gomes). This study aimed to evaluate the chemical, physical-chemical and microbiological quality of commercial samples of janaguba milk. Ten commercial samples were purchased from a Fortaleza market; four authentic samples of janaguba latex were obtained from the Araripe plateau, and one mango tree latex sample was obtained in Paracuru (CE). We determined the general appearance, density, pH, dry residue, sedimentation volume, chromatographic profile and microbiological qualities. Results showed high microbiological contamination in the commercial preparations and evidence of tampering in six of these samples, which indicates the need for an urgent implementation of an effective pharmacovigilance strategy for herbal medicines in order to make its consumption more secure and rational.

Genotypic characteristics of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from hospital wastewater treatment plant in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

AIMS: To investigate Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a hospital wastewater treatment plant (HWTP), focusing on enzyme-based mechanisms of ß-lactams resistance and the genetic relatedness among isolates. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-one Ps. aeruginosa strains recovered from a HWTP were identified by amplification of 16S rRNA gene. ß-lactamase production was screened by disc diffusion, CHROMagar extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) and ß-lactamase strips. ß-lactamase and ESBL producing isolates were investigated by PCR for the presence of ESBL, metallo-ß-lactamase and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase encoding genes. Thirty-four isolates (83%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic belonging to three or more classes. Out of these 34 isolates, 28 (82%) were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 6 (18%) extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Genetic relatedness by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus sequence-PCR and Multilocus sequence typing analysis showed 20 distinct profiles and 15 sequencing types respectively. Clonal Complex 244 (CC244) shows the pathogenic potential of this clone carrying MDR and XDR strains from clinical, environmental and hospital waste sources. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that treatment facilities for hospital wastewater can stimulate the increase of antimicrobial resistance bacteria and genes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The great genetic diversity of Ps. aeruginosa recovered from HWTP constantly released into aquatic systems allow the spread of antimicrobial-resistant organisms and genes.

Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery: case report

A 26 year-old woman suffered a blunt head injury on the left temporal area and developed an arteriovenous fistula with a pseudoaneurysm on the superficial temporal artery. These fistulas are rare and usually associated with pseudoaneurysms, most commonly in the frontal arterial branch. The aneurysms generally appear late after trauma and present as a pulsatile painfully growing mass in the temporal region, associated with fremitus and bruit. The diagnosis is made by angiography and surgery is a very effective treatment.

Uma mulher de 26 anos desenvolveu uma fístula arteriovenosa associada a pseudoaneurisma da artéria temporal superficial após traumatismo craniano fechado. Tais fístulas são raras e geralmente associadas a pseudoaneurismas da artéria temporal superficial, mais comumente do ramo frontal. As lesões habitualmente surgem tardiamente em relação ao traumatismo causador e se manifestam como uma massa dolorosa pulsátil na região temporal, crescente, associada à frêmito e sopro. O diagnóstico é confirmado através de arteriografia e o tratamento cirúrgico proporciona ótimos resultados.

Successful defibrillation in the prone position.

Early defibrillation provides the greatest chance of survival after ventricular fibrillation. Conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation requires the patient to be in the supine position. Electrical treatment of arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation by means of a defibrillator back paddle in patients receiving prone ventilation in intensive care has been described. We report a case in which electrical defibrillation was successfully performed in the prone position in a patient undergoing complex spinal surgery. We suggest that, if defibrillation were required in ventilated patients positioned prone, defibrillation should be attempted in the prone position, as turning the patient supine would consume valuable minutes and reduce the chances of successful defibrillation.

[The infected partners view of AIDS]. / A AIDS sob o olhar da companheira contaminada.

Our objective was to reflect upon the HIV contamination in women who has a stable relationship. We have used semi-structure interview with an ethnographic way of focussing to the women from Infections diseases hospital, also STD's at the State of Ceará. At the interview questions about prevention in the couple relationship, the HIV positive result reaction, the feelings toward children and living with family and friends have been made. The interview analysis has identified the absence of prevention, the lack of search about HIV information, the wives wrath and the worries about the children, and also the difficult situation between family and friends.