Correlation between human papillomavirus infection and histopathological diagnosis of women in Northeast Brazil.

Cervical carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of death among women worldwide. Epidemiological studies claim that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary condition for cervical cancer development. Knowledge of the geographic distribution of HPV is important in guiding the introduction of prophylactic vaccines. This study analyzed the prevalence of HPV infection in cervical samples obtained from women with abnormal cervical histopathological diagnosis in Northeast Brazil. The study included an analysis of 211 women whose diagnosis was confirmed for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 1 (CIN-1), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 2 (CIN-2), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type 3 (CIN-3), and cancer. The identification of the HPV genotypes was based on the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. A total of 42.7% of the samples showed a single HPV infection, while 57.3% showed multiple infections. The most common genotypes detected were HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-31. HPV-16, HPV-31, HPV-35, and HPV-18 were the most common types in CIN-1 with a single infection. HPV-16 and HPV-18 were the most often found in CIN-2 with a single infection. HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-31 were the most detected in CIN-3 with a single infection. HPV-16 and HPV-31 were the most frequent in cancer with a single infection. Multiple infection with HPV-16 shows a 2.7 times greater risk of CIN-3 (P = .04). Multiple infections for HPV with HPV-16 and excluding the HPV18/31 types, were associated with CIN-3 (P = .01). The results allowed the detection and genotyping of HPV types circulating in the population studied. These findings must be taken into account when devising vaccination strategies against HPV.

Esquistossomose hepato-esplênica na criança: caracterizaçäo linfocitária no sangue periférico / Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in children: Lymphocyte pattern in the peripheral blood

Sete crianças, entre 10 e 16 anos, portadoras de esquistossomose mansônica na forma hepato-esplênica, foram avaliadas quanto ao número de leucócitos, linfócitos totais, linfócitos B, linfócitos T, linfócitos T "helper" (CD4), linfócitos T "supressor" (CD8) e relaçäo CD4/CD8. As avaliaçöes foram por técnicas das micropérolas imunes (Immunobead-BIORAD) utilizando-se anticorpos monoclonais. Nas crianças esquistossomóticas foi evidenciado diminuiçäo significativa de leucócitos, diminuiçäo näo significativa de linfócitos totais, linfócitos T e linfócitos T "helper e T "supressor". O número de linfóciots B foi maior do que na populaçäo normal. A relaçäo linfócitos T/lilnfócitos B foi significativamente menor nas crianças esquistossomóticas (3,75+-0,90 versus 6,65+-3,15). A relaçäo CD4/CD8 foi similar a da populaçäo normal

Variaçöes dos valores séricos de IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 e C4 após esplenectomia em esquistossomóticos hépato-esplenicos / Variations on serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 after splenectomy in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis

O estudo da imunidade de pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica é assunto de grande importancia e freqüente investigaçäo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foia valiar os valores séricos de IgG, IgA, C3 e C4 de 18 pacientes portadores de esquistossomose hépato-esplênica compensada após a esplenectomia. Os pacientes foram avaliados no pré-operatório, três meses e mais de seis meses após a esplenectomia. Na última avaliaçäo, observou-se tendência dos níveis de IgG e IgA. Os níveis de IgM tenderam a baixar. No terceiro mês após a esplenectomia, os níveis de C3 e C4 apresentaram tendência a se elevar. Após o sexto mês, os valores de C4 foram semelhantes aos pré-operatórios e os de C3 mantiveram-se elevados