ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem. The clinical significance of condyle-fossa relationships in the temporomandibular joint is a matter of controversy. Different studies have evaluated whether the position of the condyle is a predictor of the presence of temporomandibular disorder. Purpose. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the condylar position according to gender in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and healthy controls using cone-beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods. CBCT of sixty temporomandibular joints in thirty patients with TMD and sixty joints of thirty subjects without TMJ disorder was evaluated in this study. The condylar position was assessed on the CBCT images. The data were analyzed using Pearson chi-square test. Results. No statistically significant differences were found regarding the condylar position between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. Posterior condylar position was more frequently observed in women and anterior condylar position was more prevalent in men in the symptomatic group. However, no significant differences in condylar position were found in asymptomatic subjects according to gender. Conclusion. This study showed no apparent association between condylar positioning and clinical findings in TMD patients.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Mental foramen (MF) is an important anatomic landmark in dentistry and knowledge about its variable locations (L) and type of emergence (TE), has an effect on the sufficiency of local anesthesia and safety of surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the L and TE of this radiographic landmark as well as the presence of accessory MF, by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this cross sectional study, a total of 156 CBCT images were retrieved from the archive of a private radiology clinic and were then evaluated for the position of MF and its TE and the existence of accessory foramina in the body of mandible. The extracted information was compared in both genders, in both sides of mandible and among three different age groups (20-29, 30-44 and 45-59 years). The Pearson chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: Second premolar was the most common anterolateral L of MF; in general, 48.7% of right and 51.9% of left MFs were located at the apex of second premolar. Anterior and straight ET were more common in right and left side, respectively. Accessory MF was present in only 8 (5.1%) of cases. CONCLUSION: The possible presence of accessory MF should not be overlooked for avoiding the occurrence of a neurosensory disturbance during surgery and implant insertion.
ABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Anatomic variation can potentially impact the surgical safety. PURPOSE: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of ostiomeatal complex variations based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of the patients seeking rhinoplasty. MATERIALS AND METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, CBCT images of 281 patients including 153 female and 128 male with Mean±SD age of 26.97±7.38 were retrieved and analyzed for presence of variations of ostiomeatal complex and mucosal thickening. All CBCT images were acquired by NewTom VGi scanner with 15×15 field of view, as a part of preoperative recording of patients seeking rhinoplasty in an otolaryngology clinic. Chi- square test and Odds ratio were used for statistical analysis of the obtained data and p< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: Agger nasi cells which were seen in 93.2% of the cases were the most common anatomic variation. It was followed by Haller cells (68%), concha bullosa (67.3%), uncinate process variations (54.8%), nasal sepal deviation (49.5%) and paradoxical curvature of middle turbinate (10%). Mucosal thickening were detected in 60.7% of the studied cases. CONCLUSION: Ostiomeatal complex variations and mucosal thickening are considerably prevalent among the patients seeking rhinoplasty. This study also revealed that CBCT evaluation of paranasal sinuses has comparable result in delineation of the sinonasal anatomy.
