ABSTRACT
The main functions of a method of functional electrical stimulation of muscles (FES) are described: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic. The main indication for using the FES method is a deficiency of muscle function, which may be organic (due to lesions to neuromuscular structures) or functional (associated with relaxation of the muscular apparatus). The five most significant functions of the FES method were established: 1) identification of correctable movements and stimulable muscles; 2) identification of the amplitude and time program for stimulation; 3) stimulation regimes for pathological gaits; 4) stimulation parameters; 5) positioning of skin electrodes on the human body. Using the example of two severe central nervous system pathologies (spinal cord lesions in the lumbosacral area and hemiparesis of cerebral origin), the positive effects of FES on the process of motor rehabilitation of this category of patients were demonstrated.
Subject(s)
Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Movement Disorders/therapy , Muscle, Skeletal/radiation effects , Recovery of Function/radiation effects , Adult , Biomechanical Phenomena/methods , Brain Injuries/complications , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Movement/radiation effects , Movement Disorders/etiology , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications , Stroke/complications , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The main features, namely diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic, of functional myoelectrostimulation (FMES) method are described. FMES is primarily indicated in muscle function deficit, which can be organic (neuromuscle disorders) and functional (muscle relaxation). Five most essential FMES operations include: (1) choice of correctable movements and stimulated muscles; determination of (2) amplitude and temporal stimulation programs; (3) stimulation regimes in pathological gait; (4) stimulation parameters; (5) localization of the skin electrodes on the body. A positive influence of FMES on the process of movement rehabilitation was demonstrated in 2 cases of severe central nervous system pathologies--the consequences of the spinal cord lesion in sacral-lumbar area and hemiparesis of cerebral genesis.