ABSTRACT
1346 women with the symptoms of chronic recurrent urogenital infection were examined. The diagnosis of genital candidiasis was confirmed by the clinical manifestations (not less than its 4 episodes a year) and laboratory tests: budding fungal cells, mycelium and/or pseudomyselium in the vaginal smears detected microscopically, growth of Candida spp. on the Sabouraud's medium. The species of the isolates were determined by the standard morphological and biochemical tests. The in vitro susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole was evaluated by the disk diffusion method (Protocol CLSI M44-A). The frequency of chronic recurrent genital candidiasis in women with chronic urogenital infection amounted to 19%. The pathogens of the disease belonged to 12 species of Candida. The main pathogen was Candida albicans (83%). Most of the isolates (88%) were susceptible to fluconazole. 99.5% of the isolates was susceptible to voriconazole. The isolates resistant to fluconazole mainly belonged to non-albicans (41% vs. 1% of Candida albicans) and were obviously more frequent under the following conditions: the age of the females above 36 years (including the periods of peri- and postmenopause), frequent relapses (at least 7 a years), atypical clinical and laboratory signs.
Subject(s)
Candida , Female Urogenital Diseases/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Candida albicans , Chronic Disease , Drug Resistance, Fungal , Female , Female Urogenital Diseases/microbiology , Humans , Middle Aged , Recurrence , Vulvovaginitis/drug therapy , Vulvovaginitis/microbiologySubject(s)
Candidiasis/diagnosis , Candidiasis/drug therapy , Digestive System/microbiology , Female Urogenital Diseases/diagnosis , Female Urogenital Diseases/drug therapy , Male Urogenital Diseases , Urogenital System/microbiology , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Candidiasis/microbiology , Female Urogenital Diseases/microbiology , Humans , Mucous Membrane/microbiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The clinical and pathogenetic importance of local immunity in patients with chronic vulvovaginitis (CVV) caused by fungi of the genus Candida or by mixed microflora was studied. 73 patients were examined during the period of exacerbation and 11 patients, at the phase of the remission of the disease. The levels of interferon, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in vaginal washings (VW) were determined for the evaluation of local reactiveness and the subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes was established. Patients with CVV in the phases of exacerbation and remission were found to have essential differences in the content of cytokines in VW, while the results obtained in the groups of patients at the stage of remission and control subjects were found to be highly similar.
Subject(s)
Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/immunology , Immunity/physiology , Vulvovaginitis/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Remission Induction , Vulvovaginitis/microbiologyABSTRACT
The properties of antibodies to Candida albicans in healthy persons, candidiasis patients and patients with somatic pathology of nonmycotic genesis were studied. Healthy persons were found to have the highest avidity of antibodies at the minimal neutralizing dose of the antigen. In all groups the titers of antibodies were inversely related to their avidity.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Fungal/blood , Antibody Affinity/immunology , Candida albicans/immunology , Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/immunology , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Antigens, Fungal/immunology , Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/diagnosis , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/diagnosis , Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic , Epitopes/immunology , Female , Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests , Hemagglutination Tests , Humans , Male , Neutralization TestsABSTRACT
Titers of antibodies to Candida albicans and specific circulating immune complexes have been studied in patients with chronic candidiasis of the genitals, skin and mucous membranes. In most patients with candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes specific immune complexes have been detected in the blood serum; their determination increases the diagnostic value of serological tests in this disease.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Fungal/blood , Antibody Specificity , Antigen-Antibody Complex/blood , Candida albicans/immunology , Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/immunology , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The activity of natural killers and the capacity of peripheral blood mononuclears for the extracellular killing of Candida cells in patients with different forms of candidiasis has been determined in the radiometric test with the use of targets labeled with 3H-uridine RNAase and in the fungicidal test. On the basis of the data thus obtained the conclusion has been made that in candidiasis changes in the activity of natural killers and fungicidal capacity depend on the severity of the disease and the stage of the process. Linear correlation between the activity of natural killers and fungicidal capacity in candidiasis patients at the stage of exacerbation and in healthy persons is absent.
