ABSTRACT
The influence of 2-methyl-6-ethyl-3-hydroxypiridine hemisuccinate on the morphological state of rat brain tissue after the occlusion of left middle cerebral artery has been studied. It was found that 6- and 12-day treatment with 2-methyl-6-ethyl-3-hydroxypyridine hemisuccinate at a dose of 100 mg/kg (intraperitoneal) led to regenerative processes in ischemic brain tissue. The latter treatment duration was most effective.
Subject(s)
Brain Ischemia/pathology , Brain Ischemia/prevention & control , Brain/drug effects , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/drug therapy , Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/pathology , Pyridines/therapeutic use , Animals , Brain/pathology , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Brain Ischemia/physiopathology , Disease Models, Animal , Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/complications , Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/physiopathology , Male , Necrosis , RatsABSTRACT
The effect of 5-hydroxyadamantane-2-one was studied on morphological state of brain tissue of rats after the occlusion of left middle cerebral artery. It was shown that intraperitoneal administration of 5-hydroxyadamantane-2-on at dose 100mg/kg, in 30 minutes after occlusion and once daily for the following 6 and 12 days leads to significant regenerative processes in brain tissue. These processes were more profound after the 12-day treatment with 5-hydroxyadamanta-ne-2-one.
Subject(s)
Adamantane/analogs & derivatives , Adamantane/pharmacology , Brain Ischemia/drug therapy , Brain/drug effects , GABA Agonists/pharmacology , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Animals, Outbred Strains , Brain/blood supply , Brain/physiopathology , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Brain Ischemia/physiopathology , Cerebrovascular Disorders/complications , Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology , Drug Administration Schedule , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Male , RatsABSTRACT
Experiments in anesthetized rats showed that global transient brain ischemia caused a significant decrease in cerebral blood flow in rat cerebral cortex and reduced the stress protein HSP70 level in striatum. Afobazole administration restored the cerebral blood supply disturbed by ischemia and increased the stress protein HSP70 synthesis in striatum.
Subject(s)
Benzimidazoles/pharmacology , Cerebral Cortex/drug effects , Corpus Striatum/drug effects , HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism , Ischemic Attack, Transient/metabolism , Morpholines/pharmacology , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Cerebral Cortex/metabolism , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Corpus Striatum/metabolism , Ischemic Attack, Transient/drug therapy , Ischemic Attack, Transient/physiopathology , RatsABSTRACT
The effects of GABA - docosahexaenoyldopamine (DHED) conjugate on the cerebral haemodynamics and thrombocyte aggregation were evaluated and compared to these of docosahexaenoyldopamine alone. The GABA - DHED conjugate was shown to significantly enhance the cerebral circulation in rats with a model of global transient cerebral ischemia, as compared to the intact animals. Administered alone, DHED increased the blood supply of both intact and ischemic brains to an equal extent. The GABA-DHED conjugate demonstrated the antiaggregative activity, but the effect was less expressed than that of DHED alone.
Subject(s)
Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Dopamine/analogs & derivatives , Platelet Activating Factor/drug effects , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/analogs & derivatives , Animals , Dopamine/pharmacology , Humans , Male , Rats , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Narcotized rats with a hemorrhagic stroke model demonstrate a significant decrease in the cerebral flow in the area of contralateral cerebral hemisphere symmetric to the zone of lesion. Under these conditions, an antiischemic drug combination produced a pronounced but short increase in the local circulation in cortex of cerebrum (decreased by hemorrhagic stroke), with the subsequent decrease in the local flow. Nimodipine (used as the reference drug) increased the cerebral blood flow to a lesser degree, but was superior to the tested composition with respect to the effect duration.
Subject(s)
Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Intracranial Hemorrhages/physiopathology , Nimodipine/pharmacology , Pyrrolidinones/pharmacology , Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid/pharmacology , Animals , Drug Combinations , Intracranial Hemorrhages/chemically induced , Male , RatsABSTRACT
Experiments showed that a new drug composition containing pyrrolidone and pyroglutamic acid exhibits a significant cerebrovascular effect upon peroral administration in rats. The pharmacokinetics of pyrrolidone monitored upon its combined administration with pyroglutamic acid shows that this drug, as a component of the composition, is characterized by a high absolute bioavailability and permeability trough the blood-brain barrier. The presence of pyroglutamic acid slows down the absorption and elimination of pyrrolidone and enhances its distribution in the organs and tissues. There is a correlation between the concentration of pyrrolidone in the brain, on the one hand, and the levels of cerebral microcirculation and arterial pressure on the other hand. An increase in the concentration of pyrrolidone in the brain is accompanied by more intensive cerebral blood flow and by a decrease in the arterial pressure.
Subject(s)
Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Pyrrolidinones/pharmacology , Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid/pharmacology , Animals , Biological Availability , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Brain Chemistry , Male , Pyrrolidinones/analysis , Pyrrolidinones/pharmacokinetics , Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid/analysis , Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid/pharmacokinetics , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
Studies showed that 15-day restriction of motor activity inhibits the reuptake of GABA by sections of the rat brain cortex and hypothalamus. In prolonged intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg cinnarizine in hyperkinesia, further inhibition of this process in hypothalamic sections is encountered on the 15th days. Flunarizin (1 mg/kg) administered in a like manner has no significant effect on GABA reuptake. A course of GABA injections in a dose of 5 mg/kg improves in rats with restricted motor activity the local blood flow in the frontal lobe of the brain.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Brain/metabolism , Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology , Cinnarizine/pharmacology , Flunarizine/pharmacology , Hypokinesia/metabolism , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/drug effects , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism , Animals , Brain Chemistry/drug effects , Carbon Radioisotopes , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Hypokinesia/physiopathology , Male , Rats , Restraint, Physical , Time Factors , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Experiments on rats showed that the morpho-functional state of the cerebral cortex microcirculatory bed suffers marked changes in different periods of hypokinesia. This was accompanied with obvious morphological changes in the brain, the development of brain edema in particular. It was found that the GABAergic agents which we used ranked below Ca-antagonists in antiedemic activity.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , GABA Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Bicuculline/pharmacology , Brain/pathology , Brain/physiopathology , Brain Edema/prevention & control , Dioxanes/pharmacology , Female , GABA Antagonists/pharmacology , GABA-A Receptor Antagonists , Male , Microcirculation/drug effects , Nifedipine/pharmacology , Piracetam/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Restraint, Physical , Thiazoles/pharmacology , Verapamil/pharmacology , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Experiments on cats showed that calcium canal blockers of the dihydropyridine series (nimodipine, nifedipine) and, to a lesser measure diphenylpiperazine derivatives increase the activity in sympathetic nerves attributable to the central effect of the drugs. Cinnarizine had a diametrically opposite effect. Cinnarizine, nimodipine, and nifedipine reduced the reflex pressor response of the arterial pressure, whereas flunarizine mainly promoted the vasomotor reflex. Therefore, the central stimulating effect of flunarizine dominated over its peripheral vasodilative action. Nifedipine caused the most pronounced increase in cerebral blood flow, followed by nimodipine, flunarizin, and cinnarizine.
Subject(s)
Baroreflex/drug effects , Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Dihydropyridines/pharmacology , Piperazines/pharmacology , Sympathetic Nervous System/drug effects , Animals , Baroreflex/physiology , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Blood Pressure/physiology , Cats , Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology , Electric Stimulation , Kidney/innervation , Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology , Tibial Nerve/physiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Changes in local cerebral blood flow and in microcirculatory channels in the cortex of rat brain were studied in conditions of early and remote hypokinesia. The rheological parameters of blood were studied in patients which stayed in ber for a long time in traumatological hospitals. We showed that by the 60th day of hypokinesia and in conditions of active readaptation the disordered cerebral blood flow starts to stabilize and tendency to normalization of some parameters of the cerebral blood flow and microcirculatory channels become clearly seen. The study of the functional state of the platelets showed that prescription of antiaggregants along with physical training can prevent thromboembolic aggravations associated with hypokinesia.
Subject(s)
Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Hypokinesia/blood , Hypokinesia/physiopathology , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects , Adult , Animals , Bed Rest , Brain/blood supply , Humans , Male , Microcirculation/drug effects , Microcirculation/physiopathology , Middle Aged , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Rats , Reference Values , Time FactorsABSTRACT
We studied the formation of vasomotor reflexes in hypokinesia and responses of the brain vessels to the action of GABA, hypotension, and hypercapnia. We found that the response of the brain vessels to GABA is delayed and the mechanisms which supported an adequate cerebral vasculation are distorted in hypotension. At the same time the disturbance of the reflectory reaction of the brain vessels in the course of forming the vasomotor reflexes and the absence of significant changes in response to GABA were noticed. The capability of GABA of inhibiting cerebral blood circulation arising in hypokinesia is shown.