ABSTRACT
This article describes the research to develop message for fluorosis behavior change communication campaign. Using a posttest only with control experiment the study investigates the impact of perceived risk associated with advocated behavior (RISK-AB) and perceived risk associated with existing behavior (RISK-EB) on the effectiveness of framed fluorosis messages. Findings suggest that positive-frame is more appropriate when RISK-AB is high and RISK-EB is low or RISK-AB is low and RISK-EB is high or both RISK-AB and RISK-EB are low. And negative-frame is more persuasive when both RISK-AB and RISK-EB are high. Marketing implications are discussed.
Subject(s)
Fluorosis, Dental , Health Behavior , Health Promotion , Persuasive Communication , Adolescent , Child , Drinking Water/standards , Female , Global Health , Humans , India , Male , Risk Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesSubject(s)
Nose Diseases/diagnosis , Rhinosporidiosis/diagnosis , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Animals , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nose Diseases/parasitology , Rhinosporidiosis/parasitology , Rhinosporidium/isolation & purification , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Skin Neoplasms/parasitology , Spores, ProtozoanABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The increased incidence of fungal diseases in humans is most likely due to indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and increased numbers of immunocompromised patients. Although Aspergillus species are ubiquitous and normally nonpathogenic, they can be opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised individuals. CASE: A 22-year-old immunocompetent man presented with a gradually increasing subcutaneous swelling near the root of his nose for previous 6 months. The mass was soft to firm, solid, nontender and immobile. There was no superficial skin ulceration and no local signs of inflammation. Proptosis of the left eye was present without any visual impairment. An osteolytic lesion that was contiguous with the subcutaneous mass, with the opacities of both the fontal sinuses was observed radiographically. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) demonstrated presence of branching hyphae in the cytoplasm of multinucleated giant cells along with mixed inflammatory cells. The species was identified by culture in Sabouraud's agar with chloramphenicol and wet mount with lactophenol cotton blue stain. CONCLUSION: Aspergillosis can remain dormant over a long period. Although uncommon, it can occur in immunocompetent patients. FNA is a very useful tool in establishing the diagnosis
Subject(s)
Aspergillosis/pathology , Aspergillus flavus/isolation & purification , Frontal Sinus/microbiology , Frontal Sinusitis/microbiology , Adult , Aspergillosis/complications , Aspergillosis/diagnostic imaging , Aspergillosis/microbiology , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Bone Diseases, Infectious/microbiology , Bone Diseases, Infectious/pathology , Exophthalmos/microbiology , Exophthalmos/pathology , Frontal Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Frontal Sinus/pathology , Frontal Sinusitis/diagnostic imaging , Frontal Sinusitis/pathology , Humans , Male , Osteolysis/microbiology , Osteolysis/pathology , RadiographyABSTRACT
Yolk sac tumor is the second most common germ cell tumor of the ovary. A nine year old female child presenting with a lower abdominal mass diagnosed as a yolk sac tumor on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is described. Ultrasonographically (USG) guided FNAC of the lesion revealed tight clusters and papillary fronds of cells associated with homogeneous acellular eosinophilic bodies. A preoperative diagnosis of this tumor is helpful in planning further diagnostic and therapeutic steps.
