Ion Sensor Properties of Fluorescent Schiff Bases Carrying Dipicolylamine Groups. A Simple Spectrofluorimetric Method to Determine Cu (II) in Water Samples.

Four fluorescent Schiff bases carrying dipicolylamine groups were designed and synthesized to determine their ion sensor properties in partial aqueous solution. The corresponding amine compound and the aldehyde compounds such as 1-naphthaldehyde, 9-anthraldehyde, phenanthrene-9-carboxaldehyde and 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde were used to prepare the new Schiff bases. The influence of many metal cations and anions on the spectroscopic properties of the ligands was investigated in ethanol-water (1:1) by means of emission spectrometry. From the spectrofluorimetric titrations, the complexation stoichiometry and complex stability constants of the ligands with Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions were determined. The ligands did not interact with the anions. However, the Schiff base derived from phenanthrene-9-carboxaldehyde showed sensitivity for Cu2+ among the tested metal ions. The phenanthrene-based Schiff base was used as analytical ligand for the simple and fast determination of Cu2+ ion in water samples. A modified standard addition method was used to eliminate matrix effect. The linear range was from 0.3 mg/L to 3.8 µg/L. Detection and quantification limits were 0.14 and 0.43 mg/L, respectively. Maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) for copper in drinking water according to EPA is 1.3 mg/L. The proposed method has high sensitivity to determine copper in drinking waters.

DFT investigation of the mecahanism and stereochemistry of electrophilic transannular addition reaction of bromine to tricyclo[4.2.2.02,5]deca-3,7-diene.

Full geometric optimization of tricyclo[4.2.2.02,5]deca-3,7-diene (TDD) has been done by DFT/B3LYP methods and the structure of the molecule was investigated. Cyclobuten double bond (I) of molecule is syn pyramidalized, and bicyclookten double bond (II) is also exo pyramidalized. The double bond (I) is more pyramidalized than the double bond (II) and it has higher reactivity. The TDD-Br2 system has been investigated by B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method and their stable configurations have been determined. The cationic intermediates and products obtained as a result of the addition reaction has been studied using B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) methods. Bridged bromonium cation is more stable than U-type cation. Considering that the bridged cation does not isomerize to the less stable U-type cation, it is not possible for the U-type product to be obtained in the reaction. The bridged bromonium cation transformed into the more stable N-type cation and the N-type product was obtained via this cation. The thermodynamic stability of the anti, exo and anti, endo isomers of N-type dibromide molecule were almost identical. N-type product is 11.759 kcal mol more stable than U-type product.