Evaluation of prenatally diagnosed fetal sacrococcygeal teratomas: A case series of seventeen pregnancies from South-central Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) cases according to associated cardiac, extracardiac, and chromosomal anomalies in the prenatal period, and to review their outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of pregnancies with a prenatal diagnosis of SCT between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: One ongoing pregnancy was excluded. There were five medically terminated cases, three due to severe heart failure and the remaining two due to additional congenital defects. Two infants who had heart failure due to hyperdynamic flow died in the neonatal period. Nine infants are well and alive at the time of writing. CONCLUSION: When a lesion is detected in the sacrococcygeal region during fetal sonography, the differential diagnosis should be made with an appropriate evaluation with emphasis on a possible diagnosis of fetal SCT. Tumor growth and heart failure should be monitored with serial scans when SCT has been diagnosed prenatally.

Prenatal diagnosis of persistent left superior vena cava: a retrospective study of associated congenital anomalies.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) cases according to associated cardiac, extracardiac, and chromosomal anomalies in the prenatal period and to review their outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of patients with a prenatal diagnosis of PLSVC between January 2013 and December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Data of 32 cases were reviewed. Nineteen (60%) cases were associated with cardiac defects, 5 (15%) were associated with both cardiac and extracardiac defects, and 8 (25%) had no associated anomalies. Two fetuses had karyotype anomalies. All patients with isolated PLSVC survived. Among the cases associated with extracardiac anomalies, cardiac anomalies, and with both extracardiac and cardiac anomalies, the survival rate was 40%, 40%, and 25%, respectively. Outcome was more favorable in cases with isolated PLSVC (100% vs. 40%). CONCLUSION: Prenatally diagnosed PLSVC is associated with cardiac and extracardiac anomalies in the majority of cases. The prognosis is good in isolated cases, but worsens when accompanied by cardiac or extracardiac anomalies.

Detection of major anomalies during the first and early second trimester: Single-center results of six years

Objective: Fetal structural malformations affect approximately 2-3% of all pregnancies. Only focusing on trisomy screening in first trimester and deferring the anatomic screening to second trimester may result with late detection of major anomalies that can be diagnosed earlier with careful examination. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive study of retrospective data that were obtained from all terminated single pregnancies due to ultrasonographic findings of major anomalies from 2011 to 2016 in our department. The study was based on a chart review and only abnormalities that were diagnosed before the 16th week were included. Results: Two hundred forty-four first trimester pregnancy terminations were performed. In total, 273 anomalies were detected in the 244 patients. Cranial NTD comprised 32% of all anomalies (n=89). Fifteen percent of anomalies (n=41) needed detailed anatomic scanning for early diagnosis. Conclusion: In this study, we presented the number and percentage of our early diagnosed anomalies by years, as well showed our diagnostic performance for specific anomalies such as atrioventricular septal defect during a 5-year period. The study provides valuable information for future studies in Turkey and shows the need for an anatomic scan protocol while performing aneuploidy screening during early gestation.