Renal involvement in familial Mediterranean fever in an Algerian population.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the clinical biological and histological renal involvement secondary to familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), the epidemiological data, genetics of our patients and their evolution under treatment. We prospectively studied 58 Algerian patients admitted in our nephrology department from January 2012 to January 2021. The diagnosis of nephropathy was suspected clinically and biologically and confirmed histologically. All our patients were tested for MEFV mutations. Results: 58 patients, 30 males and 28 females, mean age 31.68 ± 12.71; 3 (5.17%) chronic dialysis patients and 55 (94.82%) referred to the nephrology department for renal biopsy with renal symptomatology consisting of nephrotic syndrome in 50 (94. 73%), associated with renal failure 27 (47.36%), mainly primary in 23 (34.5%), secondary to seronegative lupus 13 (22.4%), Crohn's disease 9 (14.5%), sarcoidosis 3 (5.26%), and lymphoma 1 (1.7%); 29 (50%) were from consangineous marriages, the histological study found AA amyloidosis in 52 (89.6%); the genetic study confirmed the diagnosis of FMF in 58 (100%). The evolution of the patients: 20 (34.48%) followed in consultation, 25 (43.10%) in hemodialysis and 13 (22.41%) deceased. Conclusion: Renal involvement was the revealing complication in the diagnosis of FMF which exists in our country, and is still underdiagnosed.

Rapidly progressive renal failure to reveal LCAT deficiency in an Algerian family.

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder that can reveal two different diseases: a very interesting nephrological picture of complete enzyme deficiency characterized by the association of dyslipidemia, corneal opacities, anemia, and progressive nephropathy; and a partial form (fish-eye disease) with dyslipidemia and progressive corneal opacities only. We report herein the case of a 35-year-old man who presented hypertension, renal symptomatology of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis associates: nephrotic proteinuria, severe renal failure, in combination with annular corneal opacities, anemia, and dyslipidemia. The diagnosis of familial LCAT deficiency was confirmed by clinical examination, characteristic dyslipidemia, undetectable LCAT levels in plasma, and positive family history.

Acute Cellular Rejection in A Kidney Transplant Recipient Following Vaccination with Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are being administered worldwide. Most of the reported side effects are mild and self-limiting with few reported cases of severe adverse reactions. Here we report a case of acute cellular rejection in a kidney transplant recipient following vaccination with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. fifty- one years old man with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, who had received a kidney transplantation from a living related donor, 3 years ago, presented with an impaired kidney function seven days after receiving the first dose of Sinovac's COVID-19 vaccine. Kidney transplant biopsy revealed acute cellular rejection. The allograft function completely recovered after treatment with steroids. The analysis and investigation of the complications and adverse reactions induced by anti-COVID-19 vaccines, could increase our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis.  DOI: 10.52547/ijkd.6915.

[A case of acute renal failure revealing brucellian endocarditis and neurological complications in Batna (Algeria)]. / Un cas d'insuffisance rénale aiguë révélant une endocardite brucellienne et des complications neurologiques à Batna (Algérie).

Introduction: Brucellosis is a major zoonosis affecting livestock and transmitted to humans; it is widespread worldwide with 500,000 new cases per year according to the World Health Organization. It has become rare in countries that have established an eradication policy of the disease in animals and pasteurization of milk, but remains endemo-epidemic in Algeria, where it constitutes a public health problem (incidence of 24.41 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2017). The disease is more crippling than fatal. Severe forms are exceptional, and deaths are rare, most often following endocarditis or complicated neurological damage. The biological diagnosis is made by culturing the samples (mainly blood cultures), serology or molecular biology methods. We report the case of a patient with complicated and fatal subacute multiorgan brucellosis. Observation: A 51-year-old man is hospitalized in cardiology for endocarditis, complicated by neurovascular and skin manifestations, discovered in the stage of severe renal failure, one of the dreaded autoimmune complications of infectious endocarditis. The diagnoses were confirmed by various radiographic (echocardiography, brain computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) and biological examinations. The brucellian etiology was proved by bacteriological test of blood cultures (Brucella melitensis) and Wright's serodiagnosis, in the absence of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test. Conclusion: Brucellosis can have atypical, multiple, varied and misleading presentations, responsible for a difficult clinical diagnosis. The possibly fatal evolution of this pathology should remind practitioners to evoke it, in particular in front of a multivisceral infectious presentation, in a country where brucellosis is endemic. Clinicians must also act quickly and not hesitate to ask for at least a serological test.

[Leukocytoclastic vasculitis and acute renal failure following inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine]. / Vascularite leucocytoclasique et néphrite interstitielle aiguë après vaccin à SARS-CoV-2 inactivé.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are being administered worldwide. Most side effects are mild and self-limiting with few reported cases of severe reactions. We report a case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis with acute kidney failure following aninactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, unique for its dramatic visual presentation and its rapid response to treatment. This is the case of a 58years-old man presenting with fever, arthralgias and vascular purpura on his limbs associated with acute kidney failure requiring hemodialysis nine days after anti-COVID-19 vaccination. Skin biopsy revealed a leukocytoclastic vasculitis and a renal biopsy showed an acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. The vascular purpura resolved 7days after initiating treatment with prednisone but the patient remains in chronic renal failure. The analysis and investigation of the complications and adverse events induced by anti-COVID-19 vaccines could increase our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis.