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1.
J Phys Ther Educ ; 38(3): 221-230, 2024 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39150257

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: In May 2022, the American Council of Academic Physical Therapy announced a "nationwide shortage of faculty" in entry-level Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs across the country. As the number of physical therapist education programs continue to grow, concerns with faculty shortages increase. REVIEW OF LITERATURE: Research on reasons faculty stay in entry-level DPT programs is limited. With a nation-wide shortage of faculty and the continued growth of DPT programs across the country, more investigation into faculty retention is warranted. SUBJECTS: Two hundred forty-four participants responded to the quantitative survey. Ten program directors (PD) and 10 faculty members (FM) completed a qualitative interview through Zoom. METHODS: This mixed-methods design included a quantitative survey across 264 accredited DPT programs followed by 20 qualitative online interviews. Multiple regression was completed for the data analysis, and a phenomenological approach was used to explore perceptions of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on intent to stay. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty-six subjects (mean age = 50.04 ± 9.54 years; males = 63, females = 173; PD = 55, FM = 180) were included in the analysis. The multiple regression model significantly predicted intent to stay for all participants, F(9,211) = 12.43, P < .001; adj R2 = .32. Commitment to the organization was the greatest predictor of intent to stay, ß = 0.61, t(0.622) = 5.05, P < .01. Three themes with 6 subthemes emerged from the qualitative analysis, the impact of leadership, making a commitment, and the Covid crisis. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: Encouraging leadership to focus on structural factors such as striving to establish FMs as part of the departmental team, allowing autonomy and flexibility in the teaching role, building transparency and openness with communication, and focusing on realistic and equitable workloads could potentially increase intent to stay for faculty in entry-level DPT programs.


Subject(s)
Faculty , Job Satisfaction , Humans , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Faculty/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Intention , Adult , Physical Therapists/education , Physical Therapists/psychology , United States , Physical Therapy Specialty/education
2.
Dev Neurorehabil ; 27(3-4): 116-125, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38913178

ABSTRACT

A survey was completed by 183 clinicians at a pediatric hospital to investigate knowledge, confidence, and practice patterns defining, identifying, and quantifying dystonia in children. The definition of dystonia was correctly identified by 86% of participants. While 88% reported identifying dystonia, only 42% of physicians and therapists reported quantifying dystonia. A weak, significant correlation, rs =.339, p ≤ .001, was found between years of pediatric experience and confidence identifying dystonia. Clinician reported higher confidence levels identifying and quantifying dystonia if they perform a neurological exam. Clinical training initiatives are needed to improve standardization and build confidence in defining, identifying, and quantifying dystonia.


Subject(s)
Clinical Competence , Dystonia , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dystonia/diagnosis , Child , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Surveys and Questionnaires , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Female , Male , Neurologic Examination/methods
3.
PM R ; 2023 Oct 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37801614

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Literature is limited on functional outcomes in children with cerebral palsy (CP) following surgical procedures and a subsequent inpatient rehabilitation unit (IRU) stay. OBJECTIVE: To compare functional outcomes and length of stay (LOS) in children with CP following a surgical procedure and IRU stay based on the surgical procedure performed, pattern of involvement, etiology, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care pediatrics. PARTICIPANTS: Pediatric patients with CP who underwent one of three surgical procedures followed by an IRU stay. INTERVENTIONS: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR), single-event multilevel orthopedic surgery (SEMLS), or intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pump implantation and subsequent IRU stay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IRU LOS, Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM) total score, sub-scores, and efficiency. RESULTS: Children undergoing SDR had a longer LOS (p ≤ .015). Children with spastic diplegia, GMFCS level II, and prematurity-based CP had higher WeeFIM efficiency scores (p ≤ .046, ≤.021, and .034 respectively). Greater changes in WeeFIM™ scores were associated with spastic diplegia, SDR, GMFCS level II, longer LOS, and higher admission scores (p ≤ .045). CONCLUSIONS: Although statistically and functionally significant improvements in children with CP following surgical interventions and an IRU stay were seen, those with higher WeeFIM change scores tended to have spastic diplegia, to have undergone SDR, GMFCS level II, longer LOS, and higher admission scores.

4.
J Electromyogr Kinesiol ; 73: 102813, 2023 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37666036

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Muscle elasticity can be quantified with shear wave elastography (SWE) and has been used as an estimate of muscle force but reliability has not been established for lower leg muscles. The purpose of this study was to examine the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of elasticity measures in non-weight-bearing (NWB) and weight-bearing (WB) for the tibialis anterior (TA), tibialis posterior (TP), peroneal longus (PL), and peroneal brevis (PB) muscles using SWE. METHODS: A total of 109 recreationally active healthy adults participated. The study employed a single-cohort, same-day repeated-measures test-retest design. Elasticity, measured in kilopascals as the Young's modulus, was converted to the shear modulus. All four muscles were measured in NWB and at 90% WB. RESULTS: Intra-rater reliability estimates were good to excellent for NWB (ICC = 0.930-0.988) and WB (ICC = 0.877-0.978) measures. Inter-rater reliability estimates were moderate to good (ICC = 0.500-0.795) for NWB measures and poor to good (ICC = 0.346-0.910) for WB measures. CONCLUSION: Despite the studies poor to good inter-rater variability, the intra-rater reproducibility represents the potential benefit of SWE in NWB and WB. Establishing the reliability of SWE with clinical and biomechanical approaches may aid in improved understanding of the mechanical properties of muscle.


Subject(s)
Elasticity Imaging Techniques , Adult , Humans , Reproducibility of Results , Leg , Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Elasticity , Elastic Modulus/physiology , Weight-Bearing
6.
Physiother Theory Pract ; 39(5): 1038-1043, 2023 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35098864

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex disorder marked with non-motor and motor impairments, including gait abnormalities and postural instability. As a result of balance dysfunction and postural instability, falls and injuries are common composite impairments of PD. The modified Four Square Step Test (mFSST) replaces the canes utilized in the traditional Four Square Step Test (FSST) with tape to evaluate dynamic standing balance while stepping in multiple directions. PURPOSE: Determine the reliability and validity of the mFSST in individuals with PD. METHODS: Twenty-seven participants diagnosed with PD on medication H&Y I-III, mean age 73.07 ± 6.4, completed the FSST and mFSST. Participants performed both assessments two times using the fastest time for interrater reliability and concurrent validity. To determine the test-retest reliability, participants performed the mFSST again 20-60 min following initial assessment. RESULTS: The interrater and test-retest reliability was excellent (r = 0.916-0.999, ICC2,2 = 0.96-0.99). The mFSST and FSST were highly correlated for concurrent validity (r = 0.823, p < .01). CONCLUSION: The mFSST demonstrates excellent reliability and validity while assessing dynamic standing balance in individuals with PD. The mFSST can be completed while requiring little equipment, space, and time in multiple rehabilitation settings.


Subject(s)
Exercise Test , Parkinson Disease , Humans , Aged , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Reproducibility of Results , Gait , Postural Balance
7.
Disabil Rehabil ; 45(19): 3099-3107, 2023 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36083016

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The use of outcome measures (OMs) is a hallmark of contemporary physical therapy in the USA. The effect of OM utilization on patient care decisions and the results of PT services remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to explore PTs perceptions about the relationship between balance OMs and decision-making and how that interaction impacts patient outcomes, particularly for patients with acquired brain injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study used semi-structured phone interviews with an interview guide. Maximum variation sampling was used. Thematic analysis was situated in a priori determined theory-based categories. RESULTS: Twenty-three physical therapists (PTs) from diverse geographic areas and practice settings participated. Therapists expressed diverse views on the impact of OM use on patient outcomes, but the majority perceived that using OMs improved rehabilitation outcomes. The use of OMs was related to the selection of optimal intervention type and intensity and justified continued high-frequency rehabilitation services. OMs were important to therapists' decision-making. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, PTs reported that they believe the use of validated, clinically useful OMs may improve patient outcomes.Implications For RehabilitationBalance outcome measures are considered an important tool to the optimal management of the profound impact of balance impairments after brain injury.Most physical therapists in this study believe that using balance outcome measures results in better outcomes for patients with brain injury.In this study, physical therapists reported using outcome measures in wide-ranging ways to guide clinical decisions about balance in those with brain injury.


Subject(s)
Brain Injuries , Nervous System Diseases , Physical Therapists , Humans , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Nervous System Diseases/rehabilitation , Qualitative Research
8.
Physiother Theory Pract ; 39(7): 1469-1483, 2023 Jul 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35189771

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The use of balance outcome measures (OM) is proposed to enhance physical therapy services and patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Explore current practices of balance OM use and OM's role in United States physical therapists' decision-making with patient's acquired brain injury (ABI). METHODS: Cross-sectional survey utilizing snowball sampling, n = 373. Survey items required ranking agreement with statements on Likert scale. Multinomial logistic regression used to determine the relationship between survey answers and participant characteristics. RESULTS: Ninety-three percent of therapists reported using outcome measures with patients with ABI. Those who reported not using outcome measures with patients with ABI were significantly different on setting, primary patient population, APTA section membership, and ANPT membership. All respondents who primarily treated neurologic diagnoses used outcome measure with clients with ABI, compared to 87% of respondents who worked primarily with orthopedic clients. Comfort, equipment availability, and psychometric properties were the most frequent reasons for choosing a measure. Therapist decision-making was impacted by outcome measures; this frequency was dependent on practice setting, primary patient population, and specialty certifications. CONCLUSIONS: Physical therapists use a low diversity of outcome measures to assess balance. Respondents rated psychometric properties as more important than past published research. This is the first study to demonstrate that outcome measures play a role for most United States PTs in decision-making in all stages of the patient management model including identification of problems, diagnosis, prognosis, intervention selection, termination of services, and discharge planning, as well justifying service delivery.


Subject(s)
Brain Injuries , Physical Therapists , Humans , United States , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Brain Injuries/diagnosis
9.
Pathophysiology ; 29(3): 495-506, 2022 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36136067

ABSTRACT

The treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis is typically focused on the involved lower extremity. There is a gap in the literature concerning the effectiveness of core stabilization training on the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis. This investigation aimed to determine whether core stabilization improved the gait and functional ability of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Eighteen participants with knee osteoarthritis completed the six-week core stabilization intervention. Participants completed the gait motion analysis and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score to assess self-perceived function, pre- and post-intervention. Gait speed improved (p = 0.006, d = 0.59), while the external knee adduction moment decreased (p = 0.034, d = −0.90). Moreover, self-reported function improved (p < 0.001, d = 1.26). The gait speed and external knee adduction moment changes met minimal detectable change thresholds, while gait speed also met the minimal clinically important difference. A six-week core stabilization program can thus improve gait speed and reduce the external knee adduction moment, which is tied to disease progression. Increased functional scores post-intervention indicate an important clinical improvement. Core stabilization training is a safe and potentially effective treatment option for this population.

10.
Disabil Rehabil ; 44(26): 8382-8387, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34932439

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To explore the reliability of percentage of Body Weight Support (BWS) needed for maximal pain relief and of pain scores across 12 walking conditions including pre and post-over-ground walking and an unweighting protocol from 0% to 40% BWS on a lower body positive pressure (LBPP) treadmill for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty individuals (64 ± 9.44 years) with knee OA completed over-ground walking and an unweighting protocol on an LBPP treadmill. The amount of BWS started at 0% and increased by 5% increments until it reached 40%. Pain scores were recorded at the end of each increment. RESULTS: The reliability of pain scores was assessed using a Spearman's rho. This study found moderate reliability of the percentage of BWS for maximal pain relief. Additionally, there was good reliability of pain scores with pre and post-over-ground walking and from 0% BWS to 30% BWS, but moderate reliability of pain scores was found at 35% and 40% BWS. CONCLUSION: This study supports the use of pain scores as a reliable measure during an unweighted walking session on an LBPP treadmill.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONBoth the OARSI and ACR recommend exercise in the treatment of individuals with knee OA but acknowledge that pain during exercise and exercise preference/accessibility are important when considering the type of exercise for an individual.LBPP treadmills decrease pain in individuals with knee OA during walking.Pain scores during unweighted walking show moderate to good reliability for individuals with knee OA.This study provides an unweighting protocol to use clinically to determine the Body Weight Support needed to decrease pain.


Subject(s)
Osteoarthritis, Knee , Humans , Knee Joint , Reproducibility of Results , Walking , Pain/etiology , Body Weight
11.
Int J Rehabil Res ; 44(4): 323-329, 2021 12 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34483289

ABSTRACT

Cognitive dysfunction can adversely impact the walking ability of people with multiple sclerosis. However, valid and reliable standardized clinical tools to measure cognitive-motor interference or dual-tasking in people with multiple sclerosis remain lacking. This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the modified Walking and Remembering Test (mWART) in people with multiple sclerosis. Eleven adults (mean ± SD age, 51.1 ± 13.4 years) with multiple sclerosis (Expanded Disability Status Score, 2.0-6.0) and six adults (mean ± SD age, 41.5 ± 17.2 years) without multiple sclerosis were administered the mWART twice over a 2-week period. Participants were tested on gait and digit span length under single-task and dual-task conditions according to the mWART procedures over a 10-m walkway. intraclass correlation coefficient2,k were 0.961 for single-task gait velocity (P < 0.001), 0.968 for dual-task gait velocity (P < 0.001), 0.829 for single-task digit span (P = 0.004), and 0.439 for dual-task digit span (P = 0.154). Single-task gait velocity (P = 0.001) and dual-task gait velocity (P = 0.002) were able to discriminate between groups but dual-task costs were similar between participants with and without multiple sclerosis. Those with severe disability demonstrated the greater dual-task cost of gait velocity (P = 0.030). This study provides preliminary evidence of the mWART's validity and reliability in measuring dual-task performance in patients with multiple sclerosis with mild to severe disability. More research is required in more heterogeneous samples of persons with multiple sclerosis.


Subject(s)
Multiple Sclerosis , Adult , Cognition , Gait , Humans , Middle Aged , Reproducibility of Results , Walk Test , Walking , Young Adult
12.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil ; 13(1): 36, 2021 Apr 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33827679

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We aimed to examine the effect of a high-intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics in soccer players who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and non-injured soccer players during a soccer-specific landing maneuver. METHODS: Eighteen soccer players who underwent ACLR and 18 normal soccer players were enrolled in this investigation (ACLR group; age, 26.11 ± 3.95 years; body mass index, 23.52 ± 2.69 kg/m2; surgery time, 5 ± 3.30 years: control group; age, 25.83 ± 3.51 years; body mass index, 24.09 ± 3.73 kg/m2, respectively). Participants were evaluated during the landing maneuver before and after carrying out the high-intensity exercise bout using the Wingate test. The intensity of the exercise was defined as a blood lactate accumulation of at least 4 mmol/L. The dependent variables included sagittal-plane kinematics and kinetics of the ankle, knee and hip joints, and electromyography activity of the gastrocnemius, hamstrings, quadriceps, and gluteus maximus. RESULTS: On 2 × 2 analysis of variance, none of the dependent variable showed significant exercise×group interactions. Regardless of group, significant main effects of exercise were found. Post-exercise landing was characterized by increased flexion of hip (p = 0.01), knee (p = 0.001), and ankle joints (p = 0.002); increased extension moments of hip (p = 0.009), knee (p = 0.012), and ankle joints (p = 0.003), as well as decreased quadriceps activity (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: At 1 year or more post-ACLR, the effect of the high-intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics is not expected to differ from that experienced by healthy soccer players.

13.
Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) ; 82: 105270, 2021 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33421757

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis accounts for more years of disability than all other forms of osteoarthritis combined. Gait kinetic and kinematic changes, in addition to reduced gait speed, are commonly observed. This study investigates whether core activation, which modifies lower extremity movement in young, active populations, can alter the gait and baseline core activation of those with knee osteoarthritis as compared to controls, and alter osteoarthritic knee pain. METHODS: Forty-four participants (22 controls and 22 with knee osteoarthritis) underwent biomechanical gait assessment, examining kinetic and kinematic variables, in addition to gait speed, with and without volitional transversus abdominis activation. Surface electromyography was used to measure baseline transversus abdominis activation under both conditions. Knee pain ratings were examined for those with knee osteoarthritis. FINDINGS: No significant biomechanical differences were observed within groups, or in the time/group interaction. Between-groups kinetic (time to first peak ground reaction force and amplitude of second peak ground reaction force) and gait speed differences were observed under both conditions. There were no differences in baseline electromyography activation between or within-groups, or within-group for self-reported pain for the osteoarthritic group. INTERPRETATION: Although previous studies have shown the benefit of core activation in correcting lower extremity movement patterns and kinetic loading in young, athletic populations, this study is the first to show this is not the case for persons with knee osteoarthritis. Future studies should examine the value of a progressive core stabilization program, of sufficient dose and mode, in correcting the observed gait differences in those with knee osteoarthritis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03776981.


Subject(s)
Abdominal Muscles/physiology , Abdominal Muscles/physiopathology , Gait/physiology , Osteoarthritis, Knee/physiopathology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Electromyography , Female , Humans , Kinetics , Male , Middle Aged
14.
Front Rehabil Sci ; 2: 743441, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36188808

ABSTRACT

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a highly effective intervention for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Physical activity (PA) has been shown to increase after a centre-based programme, yet it is not clear if a home-based programme can offer the same benefit. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of home-based PR compared with the centre-based PR on the PA levels post 7 weeks of PR and 6 months follow-up. Method: In this study, 51 participants with COPD, of them, 36 (71%) men completed physical activity monitoring with a SenseWear Armband, at three time points (baseline, 7 weeks, and 6 months). The participants were randomly assigned to either centre-based supervised PR (n = 25; 69 ± 6 years; FEV1 55 ± 20% predicted) or home-based PR (n = 26; 68 ± 7 years; FEV1 42 ± 19% predicted) programmes lasting 7 weeks. The home-based programme includes one hospital visit, a self-management manual, and two telephone calls. The PA was measured as step count, time in moderate PA (3-6 metabolic equivalent of tasks [METs]) in bouts of more than 10 min and sedentary time (<2 METs). Results: Home-based PR increased step count significantly more than the centre-based PR after 7 weeks (mean difference 1,463 steps: 95% CI 280-2,645, p = 0.02). There was no difference in time spent in moderate PA was observed (mean difference 62 min: 95% CI -56 to 248, p = 0.24). Sedentary behaviour was also significantly different between the centre and home-based groups. The home group spent 52 min less time sedentary compared with the centre-based (CI -106 to 2, p = 0.039). However, after 6 months, the step count and time spent in moderate PA returned to baseline in both the groups. Conclusion: This study provides an important insight into the role of home-based PR which has the potential to be offered as an alternative to the centre-based PR. Understanding who may best respond from the centre or home-based PR warrants further exploration and how to maintain these initial benefits for the long-term. Trial Registry: ISRCTN: No.: ISRCTN81189044; URL: isrctn.com.

15.
Phys Occup Ther Pediatr ; 41(1): 99-113, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32942942

ABSTRACT

AIMS: The aim of this two-part, prospective study was to determine therapist familiarity with HSP and examine diagnostic accuracy between individuals with HSP and those with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy (SD-CP). METHODS: Part-one surveyed physical therapists (PT) and physical therapist assistants (PTA) throughout Texas to determine familiarity with HSP and its gait deviations. Part-two examined accuracy in differential diagnosis of HSP versus SD-CP using gait analysis and the effects of an educational module on upper body gait deviations observed in individuals with HSP. RESULTS: Both PTs and PTAs indicated a high degree (≥73.2%) of unfamiliarity with HSP. While a majority of respondents (≥88.7%) indicated use of observational gait analysis in clinical practice, ≥92.5% indicated never receiving instruction on HSP or its associated gait deviations. Whole group analysis revealed diagnostic accuracy increased 21.7% post educational module. In addition, individual case diagnostic accuracy yielded significant improvement in 14 out of 20 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Physical and occupational therapists are in a unique position to assist with the identification and distinction of HSP from CP. This study demonstrated that brief instruction on common upper body gait deviations seen in individuals with HSP may improve a clinician's ability to distinguish SD-CP from HSP via gait analysis.


Subject(s)
Cerebral Palsy/diagnosis , Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology , Clinical Competence , Physical Therapist Assistants/education , Physical Therapists/education , Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary/diagnosis , Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary/physiopathology , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Gait Disorders, Neurologic/diagnosis , Gait Disorders, Neurologic/physiopathology , Humans , Prospective Studies
16.
Int J Sports Med ; 41(13): 962-971, 2020 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32688412

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate landing biomechanics in soccer players following ACLR during two landing tasks. Eighteen soccer players with an ACLR and 18 sex-matched healthy control soccer players participated in the study. Planned landing included jumping forward and landing on the force-plates, whereas unplanned landing included jumping forward to head a soccer ball and landing on the force-plates. A significant landing×group interaction was found only for knee flexion angles (p=0.002). Follow-up comparisons showed that the ACL group landed with greater knee flexion during planned landing compared with unplanned landing (p<0.001). Significant main effects of landing were found. The unplanned landing showed reduction in hip flexion (p<0.001), hip extension moments (p<0.013), knee extension moments (p<0.001), and peak pressure (p<0.001). A significant main effect for group for gastrocnemius muscle was found showing that the ACL group landed with reduced gastrocnemius activity (p=0.002). Unplanned landing showed greater injury predisposing factors compared with planned landing. The ACL group showed nearly similar landing biomechanics to the control group during both landing tasks. However, the ACL group used a protective landing strategy by reducing gastrocnemius activity.


Subject(s)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/physiopathology , Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery , Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction , Hip/physiology , Knee/physiology , Soccer/physiology , Adult , Biomechanical Phenomena , Electromyography , Female , Humans , Male , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Plyometric Exercise , Risk Factors , Time and Motion Studies , Young Adult
17.
OTJR (Thorofare N J) ; 40(3): 175-182, 2020 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32567495

ABSTRACT

Efficient home assessments are needed for persons with dementia and their caregivers. Pilot studies to establish a content validity index (CVI), measure concurrent criterion validity, and examine test-retest reliability of the Home Environment Assessment Protocol-Revised (HEAP-R). Six experts reviewed the tool and scored content validity items. Twenty-one caregiver/person with dementia dyads engaged with HEAP and HEAP-R to examine concurrent criterion validity. Seventeen occupational therapists viewed 10 videos of home environments to examine reliability. The CVI score was .980. Concurrent criterion validity for domains: hazards (r =.792), adaptations (r = .742), clutter (r = .843), and comfort (r = .958). Test-retest reliability: hazards (r = .820), adaptations (r = .887), visual cues (r = .487), and clutter (r = .696). Pilot data suggest the HEAP-R has preliminary content and concurrent criterion validity and test-retest reliability. Robust psychometric analysis is needed prior to use in clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Dementia , Disability Evaluation , Housing/standards , Occupational Therapy/standards , Safety Management/standards , Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Adult , Aged , Caregivers , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pilot Projects , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results
18.
Pediatr Phys Ther ; 32(3): 250-256, 2020 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32516220

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study investigated infants and toddlers with Down syndrome (DS) to determine: reliability of the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo), concurrent validity of the SATCo with the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), and whether age and SATCo score predict GMFM score. METHODS: Eighteen infants and toddlers with DS were tested on the SATCo by 2 physical therapist (PT) raters. One PT rater administered the GMFM. After 2 weeks, PT raters rescored their recorded SATCo sessions. A third PT rater also scored the SATCo videos. RESULTS: Interrater reliability of the SATCo was moderate to good and intrarater reliability was good to excellent. The SATCo and the GMFM had good to excellent significant correlations. Age and SATCo score were significant predictors of the GMFM. CONCLUSIONS: Trunk control appears to play a central role in gross motor function of infants and toddlers with DS. The SATCo has good psychometric properties in this population. WHAT THIS ADDS TO THE EVIDENCE: This study contributes to the literature on the psychometric properties of the SATCo and supports its use to measure trunk control in infants and toddlers with DS between the ages of 6 and 24 months.


Subject(s)
Down Syndrome/physiopathology , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Motor Activity/physiology , Movement/physiology , Torso/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results
19.
OTJR (Thorofare N J) ; 40(3): 159-165, 2020 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32065033

ABSTRACT

There is a relationship between sitting balance and self-care functioning, but no occupation-based sitting balance assessment. The objective of this study was to determine whether the Sock Test for Sitting Balance (STSB) is a valid balance assessment for use by therapists in acute care. Results of the STSB were compared with those of the Adapted Functional Reach (AFR), the Functional Independence Measure (FIM™) chair transfer, and the Kansas University Sitting Balance Scale (KUSBS), in both hospitalized and healthy participants. There is a significant relationship between STSB results and AFR results for all participants (rs = -.382, p = .012). Relationships between STSB results and score on the FIM™ Chair Transfer subscale (p = .001), and score on the KUSBS (p = .003) are significant. The STSB can differentiate between a hospitalized population and healthy population (p = .017). Criterion and known-groups validity are demonstrated, but should be confirmed with further testing.


Subject(s)
Disability Evaluation , Occupational Therapy/methods , Physical Examination/standards , Postural Balance , Sitting Position , Activities of Daily Living , Adult , Female , Humans , Inpatients , Male , Middle Aged , Physical Examination/methods , Pilot Projects , Reproducibility of Results , Young Adult
20.
J Dance Med Sci ; 23(1): 3-10, 2019 Mar 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30835650

ABSTRACT

This randomized controlled trial examined the immediate effect of whole body vibration (WBV) on first position sauté height, and on static and dynamic balance, in 59 female professional contemporary dancers. Following instruction, a warm-up, and a training session, participants received a 75-second randomly assigned WBV intervention under four conditions: static demi-plié (0 Hz), static demi-plié (30 Hz), dynamic demi-plié (0 Hz), and dynamic demi-plié (30 Hz). Before and immediately after intervention, participants performed three sautés on the Just Jump® Mat System, provided dynamic balance data via the Star Excursion Balance Test, and static balance data via the Balance Error Scoring System. A two-way split-plot multivariate approach ANOVA was used to analyze sauté height (α = 0.025). Balance was examined with a 4 x 2 x 2 split-plot MANOVA (α = 0.025). Follow-up two-way split plot multivariate approach ANOVAs were also conducted (α = 0.0125). Dancers from the static first position demi-plié group were found to jump higher than those from the dynamic first position demi-plié group, regardless of WBV frequency (p = 0.001). The 30 Hz frequency resulted in significantly improved static balance (p = 0.001) for both static and dynamic demi-plié. Therefore, the use of WBV is worthy of consideration as a quick method of improving static balance, and use of the static first position demi-plié may be beneficial for improving sauté height.


Subject(s)
Dancing/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Physical Therapy Modalities , Postural Balance/physiology , Vibration , Female , Humans , Isometric Contraction , Weight Lifting , Young Adult
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