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1.
Circ J ; 76(6): 1423-9, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22447011

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Ghrelin is an acylated peptide hormone mainly secreted from the stomach. When administrated externally it modulates vascular tone mainly through the regulation of autonomic nerve activity. However, the effects of blood pressure (BP) on the production and secretion of ghrelin remain to be clarified. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the stomach and plasma levels of ghrelin in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats after a 4-week-intervention with antihypertensive agents (candesartan-cilexetil [ARB], doxazosin [DZN], metoprolol [MP], reserpine [RES]) to clarify the influence of BP on the secretion of ghrelin. The effect of these agents on ghrelin production and secretion were examined by comparing vehicle-treated controls (WKY-Intact, SHR-Intact). Treatment with the 4 antihypertensive drugs all yielded a significant decline in systolic BP in both SHR and WKY. Under these conditions, significantly lower levels of stomach and plasma ghrelin were detected in WKY treated with ARB (P<0.05), DZN (P<0.05), MP (P<0.05) and RES (P<0.05) compared with WKY-Intact, whereas no significant change in the ghrelin levels in the stomach and plasma were detected in SHR under the same treatments. CONCLUSIONS: The findings imply that the production and secretion of ghrelin are controlled by the ambient vascular tone and vice versa in normotensive WKY. This inter-relationship between ghrelin and BP seems to be disrupted in SHR.


Subject(s)
Blood Pressure/drug effects , Ghrelin/blood , Hypertension/drug therapy , Stomach/drug effects , Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology , Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology , Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/pharmacology , Animals , Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology , Benzimidazoles/pharmacology , Biphenyl Compounds/pharmacology , Disease Models, Animal , Doxazosin/pharmacology , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation , Ghrelin/genetics , Hypertension/blood , Hypertension/physiopathology , Insulin Resistance , Male , Metoprolol/pharmacology , Norepinephrine/blood , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Inbred SHR , Rats, Inbred WKY , Reserpine/pharmacology , Tetrazoles/pharmacology , Time Factors , Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
2.
Ann Nucl Med ; 23(7): 639-41, 2009 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19629628

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Washout rate of iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy is correlated with the degree of myocardial damage. The aim of this study is to ascertain whether there is any relationship between QRS complex duration at right ventricle (RV) pacing and the degree of myocardial damage assessed by I-123 MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in normally functioning left ventricle. METHODS: The study included 22 patients (10 men and 12 women, ranging in age from 48 to 89 years), with atrioventricular (AV) block (n = 15) and sick sinus syndrome (n = 7). All patients had baseline QRS duration of less than 120 ms and received implantation of a DDD-mode permanent pacemaker. Iodine-123 MIBG myocardial scintigraphy was performed before the pacemaker implantation, and QRS duration at RV pacing at a rate of 70 ppm was calculated immediately after the implantation. RESULTS: With the use of RV pacing, QRS duration was prolonged ranging from 122.4 to 185.6 ms with a mean of 153.2 +/- 15.2 ms. Washout rate of I-123 MIBG myocardial scintigraphy (WR) was calculated as ranging from 5.0 to 83.0% with a mean of 44.2 +/- 17.5%. There was a strong correlation between WR and QRS duration at RV pacing (r = 0.735, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It was confirmed that WR of I-123 MIBG was correlated positively with QRS duration at RV pacing. Measurement of QRS duration may be helpful to evaluate the degree of underlying myocardial damage even in the normally functioning left ventricle.


Subject(s)
3-Iodobenzylguanidine , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial , Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Myocardium/pathology , Ventricular Function, Left , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Perfusion Imaging , Time Factors
4.
Ann Thorac Surg ; 87(1): 290-2, 2009 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19101315

ABSTRACT

We present a case of a 61-year-old man who underwent aortic valve replacement for aortic regurgitation complicated with left ventricular noncompaction. The pathogenesis of this condition remains unknown. In advanced form, left ventricular noncompaction produces marked disability and carries a poor prognosis. We underscore that familiarity with this disease entity will help to stimulate early diagnosis and timely treatment when necessary.


Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Heart Ventricles/abnormalities , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/complications , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/diagnosis , Bioprosthesis , Coronary Angiography , Echocardiography, Doppler , Endoscopy/methods , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Humans , Incidental Findings , Intraoperative Care/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Radionuclide Imaging/methods , Risk Assessment , Treatment Outcome
5.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg ; 34(5): 1118-9, 2008 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18823789

ABSTRACT

Blunt traumatic cardiac rupture is associated with a high mortality rate. Motor vehicle accidents account for most cardiac ruptures, but crush injury is relatively rare. We describe a case of a 77-year-old man who had the left atrial 'basal' appendage ruptured through blunt trauma due to a fall. He was surgically treated and recovered without complication.


Subject(s)
Atrial Appendage/injuries , Heart Injuries/surgery , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/surgery , Accidental Falls , Aged , Atrial Appendage/surgery , Heart Injuries/complications , Humans , Male , Pericardial Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography
7.
J Cardiol ; 49(3): 143-7, 2007 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17444140

ABSTRACT

Arteriovenous shunt is one of the causes of heart failure, but heart failure caused by common iliac arteriovenous fistula is relatively rare. A 64-year-old man who developed acute heart failure due to venous perforation of a common iliac aneurysm and also had bilateral aneurysms (diameter 58 mm) was referred to our department. On admission, the patient complained of dyspnea and swollen left leg, so diuretic agent was administered to treat the heart failure. Cardiac catheterization showed a shunt rate of 80.6%, as well as 5.0 Qp/Qs and O2 step-up across perforation of the common iliac vein. Despite the therapy, pleural effusion and ascites exacerbated, and the heart failure became difficult to control, so surgical treatment was performed. The aneurysm was replaced with an artificial vessel, and the fistula was closed by direct suturing. Postoperatively, the symptoms disappeared, and the patient is in good health.


Subject(s)
Aneurysm/complications , Arteriovenous Fistula/complications , Heart Failure/etiology , Iliac Artery , Iliac Vein , Acute Disease , Aneurysm/surgery , Arteriovenous Fistula/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Heart Failure/surgery , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
9.
J Vet Med Sci ; 68(8): 865-8, 2006 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16953089

ABSTRACT

We investigated the effect of olprinone on canine myocardial pump function and myocardial damage after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Three dogs of the experimental group were given olprinone (Olprinone group) and another 3 dogs were served as control (Intact group). All animals were occluded left anterior descending artery for 60 min, followed by 6 hr of reperfusion. In the experiment, hemodynamics, infarct area, creatine kinase and troponin-I were measured. Olprinone infusion induced significantly high cardiac output value and significantly low values in left ventricular end diastolic pressure and systemic vascular resistance index after reperfusion. Also, olprinone tend to attenuate the infarct area, creatine kinase and troponin-I.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Imidazoles/therapeutic use , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/veterinary , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Pyridones/therapeutic use , Animals , Dogs , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Male , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy , Myocardium/pathology , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Pyridones/pharmacology
13.
Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg ; 53(2): 64-8, 2005 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15782565

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The exact role of pressure gradient across the prosthetic valve estimated from Doppler flow velocity remains controversial. This in-vivo study was designed to assess the actual discrepancy between Doppler and catheter measurements of the pressure gradients for small bileaflet prosthetic valves in the aortic position. METHODS: Bileaflet prosthetic valves (19 mm-ATS) were implanted into the aortic position in pigs, and pressure gradients across the valves were examined by volume loading under right heart bypass. The pressure gradient obtained by catheter was defined as the conventional peak-to-peak gradient between the left ventricle and aorta. The peak Doppler gradients were calculated from the maximal instantaneous Doppler velocity with the ultrasound probe positioned on the diaphragm at the level of the cardiac apex. RESULTS: There were strong correlations between pressure gradients and cardiac output. The Doppler gradient was constantly higher than the catheter values, and the resultant discrepancy between Doppler and catheter measurements was directly dependent on cardiac output (y=9.9x+0.6, r2=0.55). For cardiac output > or = 5.0 L/min, the difference between Doppler and catheter gradients reached 40 mmHg, and maximum differences of up to 80 mmHg were observed. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the presence of striking overestimation of catheter gradient by Doppler measurement, Doppler ultrasound should be used cautiously to assess small-size bileaflet prosthetic valve function with consideration of the patient's hemodynamic state.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Catheterization , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Ultrasonics , Animals , Pressure , Swine
14.
Ann Thorac Surg ; 78(4): 1472-5, 2004 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15464526

ABSTRACT

We encountered a 72-year-old woman with a left atrial hemangioma arising in the appendage and growing like an extracardiac mass. Life-threatening cardiac tamponade, recurrent over a 5-year clinical course, was the only sign of this rare tumor. The extraatrial growth pattern of the tumor made it difficult to distinguish the cardiac origin from a paracardiac mass. With the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass, the tumor was removed from the left atrium at the base of the appendage. Pathologic diagnosis was a combination of cavernous- and venous-type hemangioma. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was doing well with no pericardial effusion at the 10-month follow-up.


Subject(s)
Atrial Appendage/pathology , Cardiac Tamponade/etiology , Heart Neoplasms/complications , Hemangioma, Cavernous/complications , Aged , Atrial Appendage/surgery , Echocardiography , Female , Heart Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Heart Neoplasms/surgery , Hemangioma, Cavernous/diagnostic imaging , Hemangioma, Cavernous/surgery , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Pericardial Effusion/surgery , Pericardiocentesis , Recurrence , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
15.
Jpn Heart J ; 45(3): 441-5, 2004 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15240964

ABSTRACT

To clarify whether inflammation is a cause or consequence of atrial fibrillation (AF), we measured high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) before and after pharmacological cardioversion in 15 patients with paroxysmal AF. Levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-alpha after cardioversion were significantly higher than those in controls (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of these indices did not differ significantly even at 24 hours and 2 weeks after cardioversion. These results suggest that inflammation is a causative agent of paroxymal AF.


Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation/blood , Atrial Fibrillation/therapy , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Electric Countershock , Adult , Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Humans , Inflammation/blood , Interleukin-6/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis
16.
J Cardiol ; 44(6): 267; author reply 267, 2004 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15638226
17.
Circ J ; 67(12): 1053-8, 2003 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14639023

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an angiotensin-converting enzyne inhibitor (ACEI, quinapril) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB, candesartan) on atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) activity in rats with hypertension induced by nitric oxide (NO) inhibition. ACEI and ARB have a number of pharmacologic effects, including blood pressure reduction, myocardial preservation, and an unknown effect in the circulation. The changes in ANP in NO inhibitor-induced hypertensive rats were evaluated in order to elucidate the interaction between ANP and NO in the regulation of blood pressure. Thirty-six rats were divided into 4 groups and administered the experimental agents for 8 weeks: group CONTROL was given regular food (n=9), group N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) was administered L-NNA (25 mg. kg(-1). day(-1), n=9), group ACEI was administered L-NNA and quinapril (10 mg. kg(-1). day(-1), n=9), and group ARB was administered L-NNA and candesartan (10 mg. kg(-1). day(-1), n=9). Blood pressure, plasma ANP, atrial ANP, ANP mRNA, and ANP granules were measured. A significant elevation in blood pressure was observed in group L-NNA. However, there were no increases in plasma ANP (L-NNA: 138.8+/-64.4, CONTROL: 86.7+/-36.4), ANP mRNA (L-NNA: 2.2+/-1.0, CONTROL: 1.7+/-0.5) or ANP granules (L-NNA: 61.1+/-10.2, CONTROL: 64.5+/-8.5). No increase in blood pressure was seen in groups ACEI and ARB. However, plasma ANP (ACEI: 1,392.3+/-1,034.4, ARB: 1,142.8+/-667.3), ANP mRNA (ACEI: 52.8+/-29.1, ARB: 42.9+/-21.2), and ANP granules (ACEI: 122.5+/-23.4, ARB: 136.3+/-33.2) increased significantly. NO inhibitor-induced hypertension caused no changes in ANP concentrations. However, the ACEI and ARB had a direct effect on the induction of ANP secretion. The findings suggest that ANP secretion is directly effected by ACEI and ARB, which seems to play a key role in lowering blood pressure, relieving heart failure symptoms, and preserving the myocardium.


Subject(s)
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism , Benzimidazoles/pharmacology , Tetrahydroisoquinolines/pharmacology , Tetrazoles/pharmacology , Animals , Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/blood , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics , Biphenyl Compounds , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Body Weight/drug effects , Heart/anatomy & histology , Heart/drug effects , Male , Nitroarginine/pharmacology , Organ Size/drug effects , Quinapril , RNA, Messenger/drug effects , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Systole/drug effects , Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
18.
J Vet Med Sci ; 65(10): 1101-5, 2003 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14600348

ABSTRACT

Permanent pacemakers are commonly used in veterinary practice and can have a dramatic effect on the treatment of heart block. A Labrador Retriever dog suffering from exercise intolerance secondary to third degree atrioventricular block was treated with a new pacemaker system. A steroid-eluting screw-in type lead that has the advantage of being more fixed to the myocardial wall without increasing the pacing threshold was used. The heart rate was regulated with an acceleration sensing pacemaker generator that included several automatic modulation systems. Nineteen months after implantation, the dog has a normal level of activity. The present case suggests that this pacemaker design may offer important advantages for canine patients.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/surgery , Heart Block/veterinary , Pacemaker, Artificial/veterinary , Animals , Dogs , Electrocardiography/veterinary , Heart Block/diagnostic imaging , Heart Block/surgery , Heart Rate , Male , Radiography, Thoracic/veterinary , Treatment Outcome
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