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1.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 1473, 2022 01 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35087112

ABSTRACT

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are major contributors to the malignant transformation of cells because of their capacity for self-renewal. Aldehyde dehydrogenase1A1 (ALDH1A1) and CD133 are promising candidate of CSC markers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, TP53 is frequently mutated in lung cancer, and the loss of its function is associated with malignant characteristics. However, the relationship between CSCs and mutant p53 in lung adenocarcinoma is not well-established. We examined the expression of ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 in lung adenocarcinoma patients and conducted a clinicopathological study. Triple-negative cases without ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 expression in lung adenocarcinoma were shown to have a much better prognosis than others. Our present results suggest that detection of CSC markers and mutant p53 by immunohistochemical staining may be effective in therapeutic strategies for lung adenocarcinoma.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma of Lung/mortality , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung/pathology , AC133 Antigen/analysis , AC133 Antigen/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/surgery , Aged , Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family/analysis , Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family/metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Lung/surgery , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Male , Mutation , Pneumonectomy , Prognosis , Retinal Dehydrogenase/analysis , Retinal Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment/methods , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/analysis , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
2.
Anticancer Res ; 41(2): 905-910, 2021 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33517296

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIM: CD133 is a promising candidate marker for cancer stem cells. However, clinical studies on CD133 expression in human lung adenocarcinoma have not yet been conducted. We hypothesized that CD133 expression in lung adenocarcinoma is a poor prognostic factor. PATIENTS AND METHODS: CD133 expression in lung adenocarcinoma was examined clinicopathologically. Then, clinicopathological parameters and patient prognosis were investigated. Moreover, CD133 expression was examined via immunohistochemical staining, and the relationship between CD133 expression and clinicopathological parameters was explored. RESULTS: Approximately 48.0% (49/102) of patients had CD133-positive cells. Based on a subgroup analysis, the CD133-positive group with pStage I+II disease had a significantly worse disease-free interval than the CD133-negative group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: CD133 expression may be a poor prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma.


Subject(s)
AC133 Antigen/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Up-Regulation , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism , Prognosis , Survival Analysis
3.
Respirol Case Rep ; 8(7): e0657, 2020 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32995008

ABSTRACT

A 51-year-old man was referred to our hospital, with a dumbbell-shaped nodule measuring 40 mm in the right upper lobe of the lung. He was a current smoker with diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma. The transbronchial biopsy was performed. However, definitive diagnosis was not obtained from the excised specimens. Bacterial culture of bronchial lavage fluid also yielded negative results, including for tuberculosis. After eight months of observation, the tumour had slightly increased in size. Surgery was planned to resect the tumour for definitive diagnosis. Because of the size of the tumour, a lobectomy of the lung was scheduled with the patient's consent. Four small incisions, each less than 1.2 cm long, were made in the chest wall for thoracoscopic surgery. To remove the specimen, we made a 3-cm longitudinal incision 1 cm below the xiphisternal joint. The patient complained of no chest pain after surgery. The post-operative course was uneventful.

4.
Kyobu Geka ; 70(10): 818-821, 2017 Sep.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28894053

ABSTRACT

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has been used to treat lung cancer. However, pleural adhesions may increase the risk of lung injury while making the access port. We report a case of lung cancer in which preoperative lung ultrasound sonography was used to predict the pleural adherence area. An octogenarian man had undergone chest surgery for right spontaneous pneumothorax 20 years ago. He was recently diagnosed with a right middle lobe carcinoma and thoracoscopic surgery was scheduled. On preoperative lung ultrasound sonography, adhesion in the area surrounding the previous incision line was predicted to be strong. However, a sliding lung sign was observed in the pleura on the caudal side, where no adhesions were expected. The thoracoscopic findings during the operation revealed that adhesions were present in the upper and middle regions of the pleural cavity in the locations and to the extent predicted before surgery, but no adhesion was observed on the caudal side. We were able to make an access port avoiding the adherence area in the pleural cavity. Lung ultrasound sonography was useful for detection of the adherence area between the parietal and visceral pleura in this case.


Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Pleural Diseases/surgery , Tissue Adhesions/surgery , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/complications , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Male , Pleural Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Pleural Diseases/etiology , Pneumonectomy , Tissue Adhesions/diagnostic imaging , Tissue Adhesions/etiology , Ultrasonography
5.
Anticancer Res ; 37(5): 2541-2547, 2017 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28476825

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIM: Aldehyde dehydrogenase-1A1 (ALDH1A1) and CD133 have been identified as markers of cancer stem cells (CSCs). We investigated the expression of these markers and their clinical significance in lung adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An immunohistochemical analysis of ALDH1A1 and CD133 expression of 92 lung adenocarcinomas was performed. The association between the expression of both markers and cancer-related death and recurrence was determined. RESULTS: Cancer-related death and tumor recurrence were observed in 15 and 17 cases, respectively. The expression of CD133, but not ALDHA1A, was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (p<0.0001) and shorter disease-free interval (DFI) (p<0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that double negativity was independently associated with increased survival (hazard ratio(HR)=16.1, p=0.0004) and a longer DFI (HR=9.5, p=0.0007). CONCLUSION: We propose that as a functional marker, ALDH1A1 positivity may influence the viability of CSCs. The findings suggest that it is important to evaluate the expression of both markers.


Subject(s)
AC133 Antigen/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Aldehyde Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Adenocarcinoma of Lung , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Recurrence , Retinal Dehydrogenase , Retrospective Studies
6.
Kyobu Geka ; 70(3): 163-168, 2017 Mar.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28293000

ABSTRACT

For pleural empyema with fistula, fenestration and subsequent omental plombage, and thoracoplasty are frequently necessary. A 57-year-old man was transported by ambulance because of impaired consciousness and septic shock due to pleural empyema on the right caused by a ruptured lung abscess. We performed empyema curettage urgently, drained 800 ml of purulent pleural effusion, and inserted 3 chest tubes. Postoperative air leakage from the ruptured lung abscess of the middle lobe was noted, and respiratory failure was prolonged. We inserted an Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot (EWS) into bronchus B5b on postoperative day 11. The air leak stopped, and the inflammatory response was gradually reduced. Computed tomography revealed decrease in free air space. We removed the chest tubes on postoperative day 35, and was able to wean off the ventilator on postoperative day 60. He was discharged on postoperative day 102. Bronchial plombage with EWS is a procedure of choice in treating pleural empyema with fistula caused by pulmonary abscess rupture, and can avoid fenestration in these patients.


Subject(s)
Empyema, Pleural/therapy , Chest Tubes , Humans , Intubation, Intratracheal , Lung Abscess/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Rupture, Spontaneous
7.
Anticancer Res ; 36(4): 1563-70, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27069132

ABSTRACT

A retrospective observational cohort study has shown that exposure to alpha-1 adrenergic receptor (AR) blocker reduces the risk of bladder cancer (BCa). We investigated the antitumor activity of alpha-1 blockers, that are administered long-term therapeutically, in BCa. The antitumor activity of alpha-1 blockers was evaluated in terms of cell viability, cell cycle, competition, and apoptotic signaling in BCa cells. Our cell viability studies showed that naftopidil was one of the strongest alpha-1 AR blockers, regarding its antitumor action in BCa cells, independent of the grade of malignancy, but with no similar action on normal human bladder cells. Oral administration of naftopidil reduced tumor volume in a xenograft model. Our own competitive analysis using an alpha-1 AR agonist and other alpha-1 AR blockers showed that naftopidil activated cell death signaling without inhibitory action on alpha-1 ARs. We conclude that naftopidil has potential as an antitumor drug against BCa in vitro and in vivo. This finding provides a rationale for developing naftopidil in grade-independent treatment of BCa.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Naphthalenes/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/pharmacology , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Cycle/drug effects , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Humans , Male , Mice, Nude , Naphthalenes/pharmacology , Piperazines/pharmacology , Tumor Burden/drug effects , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
8.
J Surg Case Rep ; 2014(12)2014 Dec 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25527602

ABSTRACT

Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is a rare entity that leads to fatal symptoms such as serious arrhythmia. The present case was an 80-year-old female with severe dyspnea caused by 30 bpm bradycardia. Computed tomography revealed a tumor invading to the right inferior myocardium. A computed tomographic coronary angiography (CTCA) study revealed the right coronary artery penetrating the tumor with no invasion by the surrounding tumor. Because a percutaneous biopsy was unsuccessful, video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) was performed. The final pathological diagnosis was diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy reduced the size of the tumor, and the symptoms thereafter improved. An observation of the coronary artery penetrating the tumor without tumor invasion may be a characteristic finding of PCL. CTCA is useful to detect this finding. When a percutaneous biopsy is unavailable, VATS should be considered as a minimally invasive procedure to obtain a reliable diagnosis of PCL.

9.
J Surg Case Rep ; 2014(9)2014 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25180216

ABSTRACT

A subglottic granuloma is one of the late-phase complications that can occur after intubation. It can cause a life-threatening airway obstruction; therefore, a rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan is necessary. A 62-year-old male had undergone an emergency total arch replacement for acute aortic dissection. Postoperative ventilation support had been performed until the 15th postoperative day (POD). He was discharged from the hospital on POD 30. On POD 50, he was brought to our hospital by an ambulance with severe dyspnea. A large subglottic granuloma occupying the trachea was identified by flexible bronchoscopy. After an emergency tracheostomy, resection of the granuloma with argon plasma coagulation via flexible bronchoscopy was performed safely. Physicians should suspect a post-intubation subglottic granuloma when patients who have undergone intubation report feeling throat discomfort. Resection via flexible bronchoscopy after tracheostomy is a safe and feasible procedure that may shorten the duration of therapy and hospital stay.

10.
J Surg Case Rep ; 2014(8)2014 Aug 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25168854

ABSTRACT

We present a case of a human pulmonary dirofilariasis in a 59-year-old man. At the medical examination, a chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a mass, measuring 18 × 15 mm in diameter, with an irregular margin on the bottom of the right lower lobe. We could not neglect the possibility of a primary lung cancer, and therefore, a lung partial resection was performed under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The intra-operative pathological findings revealed inflammatory granuloma with coagulation necrosis and no malignant cells. The permanent pathological examination showed occlusion of the peripheral pulmonary artery by worms and formation of a necrotic mass surrounded by reactive inflammation and hemorrhage. Human pulmonary dirofilariasis is an extremely rare zoonotic infection, and sometimes it is difficult to distinguish it from a primary lung cancer on radiographic findings.

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