ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Overview of available information on current vaccination options against HPV and possibilities for further development. DESIGN: Review article. SETTINGS: Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital in Ostrava; Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, General University Hospital in Prague. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three prophylactic vaccines have been developed against HPV infection and are all now avaliable in Czech Repulbic; nonavalent (Gardasil 9), quadrivalent vaccine (Silgard) and bivalent vaccine (Cervarix). Therapeutic vaccines, designed to induce regression of existing HPV-associated lesions, are in development and not yet clinically available. CONCLUSION: All three avaliable prophylactic vaccines show high efficacy in prevention of vaccine-specific HPV-type infection. The highest degree of protection is achieved in the population of HPV-naive women.
Subject(s)
Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Papillomavirus Vaccines/administration & dosage , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , VaccinationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Information about an interesting real clinical case. DESIGN: Case repor. SETTING: Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University hospital in Ostrava. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 64-year-old female patient with no family history of gynecologic tumors was indicated to total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy due to confirmed squamous cervical carcinoma stage IB1. The operation was converted to laparotomy due to unexpected peroperative finding of ovarian malignancy. Peroperatively, left ovary borderline tumor and tiny implants on the surface of uterus and small pelvis walls were confirmed. Radical abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy, omentectomy, appendectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy and peritonectomy were performed. CONCLUSION: Definitive postoperative histology further revealed an endometroid adenocarcinoma of the uterus, serous left ovary borderline tumor with non-invasive implants and no residual tumor of cervical carcinoma. In our clinic, several tumor duplicities were reported, but this is the first case of a gynecological tumor triplicity. As far we know, this is the first case report refering to a gynecological tumor triplicity in one time. Keywords gynecologic, multiple, malignancy, radical surgery.
Subject(s)
Endometrial Neoplasms/surgery , Genital Neoplasms, Female/surgery , Hysterectomy , Laparoscopy , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Aged , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Genital Neoplasms, Female/pathology , Gynecology , Humans , Lymph Node Excision , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Ovariectomy , Salpingectomy , Treatment Outcome , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Overview of current data on HPV infection. DESIGN: Review article. SETTING: Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital in Ostrava, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, General University Hospital in Prague. METHODS AND RESULTS: Human papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted pathogen that causes anogenital disorders. Persistent viral infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes causes virtually all cancers of the cervix, 60% of vulvar cancers, 70% of vaginal cancers and 93% of anal cancers. CONCLUSION: The discovery of oncogenic potential of HPV and knowledge about etiopathogenesis of HPV infection has enabled great advances in primary and secondary prevention of precancerous lesions and malignant diseases.
