ABSTRACT
Marshal Joseph Pilsudski did not belong to individuals who cared for their health. He avoided physicians and treatment. He appreciated only legion physicians such as Gen. Dr Stanislaw Ruppert, Col. Dr Marcin Wroczynski and Col. DrAndrzej Mozolowki. Joseph Pilsudski was a heavy smoker and suffered from pulmonary emphysema for many years. In 1933 he caught a severe flu accompanied by some hepatic ailments and began losing his weight. In 1935, his liver became enlarged. He started vomiting and was very weak. All consultations were ineffective. He died from primary carcinoma of bile ducts on 12 May, 1935.
Subject(s)
Biliary Tract Neoplasms/history , Famous Persons , Politics , Attitude to Health , Biliary Tract Neoplasms/complications , Cause of Death , History, 20th Century , Humans , Influenza, Human/complications , Influenza, Human/history , Liver Diseases/complications , Liver Diseases/history , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , PolandABSTRACT
In the 19th century, the effect of mould on bacterial colonies was investigated. In 1921, Alexander Fleming examined systemic fluids and observed some substances called lyzosomes which were capable of dissolving bacteria. In 1928, he discovered that a specific mould species inhibited the development of Staphylococcus bacteria. The species was known as Pencillium notatum and the filtrate was called penicillin. In 1940, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain worked out the industrial production of penicillin. All three researchers were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945, and since then the era of antibiotics has been initiated. In 1935, Gerhard Domagk discovered the first sulphonamide--prontosil rubrum. Four years later he received the Noble Prize.
