Rapid emergence of El Tor Vibrio cholerae resistant to antimicrobial agents during first six months of fourth cholera epidemic in Tanzania.

110 El Tor Vibrio cholerae isolates from 102 patients with cholera between November, 1977, and March, 1978, during the early stages of the fourth epidemic of cholera in Tanzania had minimum inhibitory concentrations to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, neomycin, ampicillin, and sulphadimidine determined. All isolates during the first month after the disease was recognised were fully sensitive to tetracycline, but 76% of isolates were resistant to the drug after five months of extensive use of tetracycline therapeutically and prophylactically in the country. Resistance to the five other antibacterial agents developed more slowly. Isolates from patients who failed to clear the organism from their stools or who had cholera soon after tetracycline prophylaxis had increased minimum inhibitory concentrations of the drug. Resistance did not develop in vivo. Although resistance to tetracycline readily developed following extensive use of the drug, such a resistance was not the only reason for failure of tetracycline treatment and prophylaxis. Mass chemoprophylaxis in the control of cholera should be discouraged unless evidence to the contrary becomes available.

Haemoglobin Barts in newborn Tanzanians.

Using both starch gel and cellulose-acetate electrophoresis is screening procedures, haemoglobin (Hb) Barts was detected in 11.08% of 325 cord blood samples from newborn Tanzanians. Red cell studies in these and in normals and a search for inclusion bodies of Hb H did not suggest alpha-thalassaemia. The mothers of these babies do not show any evidence of alpha-thalassaemia. It is suggested that the presence of Hb Barts in samples of cord blood is not due to the presence of alpha-thalassaemia in the Tanzanian population.