Foot and Ankle Injuries in Elite South African Cricketers: A Descriptive Analysis of Injury Surveillance Data.

Introduction: Injury surveillance is an important part of injury risk reduction in the sporting population. This study describes the type, side (dominant or non-dominant), occurrence, impact, activity of onset, and severity of foot and ankle injuries in elite South African male and female cricketers. Methods: Foot and ankle injuries sustained by elite cricket players between 2018 and 2021, obtained from the records of Cricket South Africa, were descriptively analysed. Results: A total of 104 foot and ankle injuries in 82 players were recorded. The majority (n = 100; 96%) of injuries were on the non-dominant side. Bowling (n = 31; 30%) and fielding (n = 20; 19%) contributed to most injuries. The majority were first-time (n = 83; 80%) and non-impact injuries (n = 62; 60%). Fifty percent (n = 52) of injuries rendered players unable to participate in at least one match or practice session. Lateral ankle ligament injury was the most common injury sustained (n = 36; 35%). Conclusion: The findings from this study can inform future researchers and assist healthcare service needs relating to injury risk reduction and management programmes. Effective rehabilitation programmes may reduce the risk of reinjury. Ideally, these programmes need to be role specific.

No effects of different modalities of a single bout of exercise on sleep architecture and appetite in healthy overweight or obese young adults.

BACKGROUND: Studies on the effect of acute exercise on sleep quality and quantity reported contradictory results and the bulk of these studies were conducted in lean individuals. Furthermore, not many studies have assessed subsequent changes in appetite following an acute bout of exercise. Therefore, the exact effect of aerobic acute exercise on sleep parameters in overweight/obese young adults remains unclear. As such, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a single bout of aerobic exercise on sleep architecture in healthy, overweight/obese, young adults. METHODS: Eighteen participants (50% female; mean age 21±1 year) with no self-reported sleep disorders or chronic health conditions took part in this study. The Balke-Ware procedure (treadmill-graded test) was used to determine exhaustion peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). The intervention consisted of three conditions (no exercise, moderate, and intensive). Heart rates corresponding to 50% and 75% VO2peak were used to establish work rates for moderate and intense exercise conditions, respectively. Following each intervention, sleep parameters were measured throughout the night using polysomnography. Additionally, participants completed appetite visual analogue scales before each meal, on the day of the exercise, and the following day. RESULTS: Univariable analyses did not yield significant results between the independent variables (condition, order, and sex) and sleep parameters; however, the intense condition (normalised to the moderate condition) had a positive relationship with the number of arousals during the subsequent night. No significant effects were noted for the multivariate analysis. Further, there was no global effect of order (p = 0.651), sex (p = 0.628), and appetite time (p = 0.400) and individual sleep characteristics did not have an effect on the Hunger and Fullness scales. However, the percentage of stage 2 had a positive effect on the Quantity scale, and the amount and percentage of time spent in REM had a negative effect on the Quantity scale, but multivariable analyses were not significant. CONCLUSION: Acute aerobic exercise (intense or moderate) does not have beneficial or adverse effects on sleep quality and quantity in young adults with overweight/obesity. Subjective appetite may have a relationship with REM and stage 2 sleep independent of exercise.

Prevalence of concurrent headache and temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review protocol.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to determine the concurrent prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and headaches in patients. INTRODUCTION: Temporomandibular disorders affect the temporomandibular joint and associated orofacial structures. It is the second-most common musculoskeletal disorder experienced by adults. Headache is one of the most pervasive neurological disorders and can be an extremely disabling condition. Temporomandibular disorders and headache are known to often occur simultaneously and have a bi-directional relationship due to their close anatomical association. INCLUSION CRITERIA: The systematic review will include all studies with adult participants (>18 years) experiencing headaches (migraine, migraine with/without aura, tension-type, cervicogenic, and chronic headache) with symptoms of temporomandibular disorders occurring concurrently. METHODS: An initial search of PubMed will be followed by CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library, EBSCO MasterFILE Premier, PEDro, ProQuest Health and Medical Complete, Science Direct, and Scopus. Titles and abstracts of studies will be reviewed, and full text articles will be selected if the inclusion criteria are met. Studies that meet the eligibility criteria will then be assessed by two independent reviewers. Full-text articles will be selected if the inclusion criteria are met. A standardized critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data will be used to assess methodological quality and a standardized data extraction tool will be used. The results from the included studies will be analyzed using JBI SUMARI software. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO (CRD42019139689).