Transport Channels of Air Pollutants Affecting the Southern Sichuan Basin Based on Gridded Dispersion Simulation.

Air pollutants suspended in the atmosphere have a large impact on air quality, climate, and human health. As one of the important populated and industrialized regions in China, the Sichuan Basin (SCB) has confronted severe air pollution in recent years. Previous studies have shown that regional transport played a significant role in the formation of regional pollution in the SCB, particularly in the southern basin. Using Yibin and Zigong as representative receptor cities, we further identified the transport channels affecting the southern basin by conducting gridded dispersion simulations. A total of seven channels were identified, including three for cyclonic transport, three through the mountainous areas between the Longquan Mountain and the Huaying Mountain, and one along the Yangtze River. Varying seasonal distributions of their occurrence frequencies were observed. Furthermore, observational evidence for several universal channels was presented during a typical transport case. The transport pathways identified in this study can guide the planning of regional distribution of emission sources and the measures for regional joint prevention and control of air pollution.

The performance of emerging materials derived from waste organism blood and saponified modified orange peel for immobilization of available Cd in soil.

Waste organism blood (WOB) and orange peel are emerging stabilization materials obtained as by-products from agricultural processes, which are quite suitable for heavy metal immobilization in soil. In this work, waste organism blood and chemically modified orange peel (SOP) were investigated as potential sorbents for immobilization of available Cd in soil. Application of 5% WOB and SOP effectively immobilized cadmium (Cd) with an associated regulation of soil pH, among which the pH of acidic soil increased most significantly. While the application of 3% SOP alone stabilized almost the same amount of available Cd compared to WOB, it caused the highest stabilization rate of 58.85% when applied at 5%. By contrast, SOP combined with WOB (the mass ratio of the material is 1 : 1) at a 5% addition rate stabilized the available Cd in soils remarkably, with a stabilization rate of 57.74%. This study revealed that the soil particles after stabilization have a more compact and flaky structure, and the SOP and WOB had a particular pore structure, which was helpful for the adsorption of available Cd in soil. This study put forward new insights into the potential effects of Cd immobilization in contaminated soil by newly emerging stabilization biomass materials (WOB and SOP).