Biocompatibility Studies on a Collagen-Hydroxyapatite Biomaterial.

The current treatment of osteomyelitis includes systemic antibiotic therapy and a debridement procedure of the formed biofilm and necrotic tissue. Moreover, cements and three-dimensional scaffolds are used both for the delivery of therapeutic agents and as fillers for bone defects. The aim of our research was to test, on cellular cultures, the biocompatibility of a previously synthesized microporous biocomposite containing hydroxyapatite and a collagen matrix including a therapeutic agent (ciprofloxacin and gentamicin). The scaffold was obtained by direct mineralization namely co-precipitation of hydroxyapatite on a collagen matrix.

Hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin delivery system: Synthesis, characterisation and antibacterial activity.

The main objective of this study was to synthesize hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin composites using a chemical precipitation method and to evaluate the properties and in vitro release profile of the drug from the hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin composites. Composite characterization was achieved by FT-IR, XRD and DLS. Ciprofloxacin determination was accomplished by HPLC, resulting in good incorporation efficiency of the drug (18.13 %). The in vitro release study (Higuchi model C = K t1/2 and Ritger-Peppas model, C = K t0.6) showed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The antibacterial activity showed that the bacterial growth inhibition zones were approximately equal for the synthesis composites and for the mechanical mixture on the Staphylococcus aureus germ. The use of hydroxyapatite, which is a biocompatible, bioactive and osteoconductive material, with ciprofloxacin, which has good antibacterial activity in this composite, makes it suitable for the development of bone grafts. Furthermore, the synthesis process allows a slow local release of the drug.

Formulation and Characterization of Ciprofloxacin loaded PLGA Microspheres for Applications in Orthopedic Infections.

Purpose-Osteomyelitis is a bone infection that appears as a complication after a fracture or orthopedic surgery. Ciprofloxacin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that can be used in local drug delivery systems for the treatment of bone related infections due to its bactericidal activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The purpose of the present study was to include ciprofloxacin in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres. Material and methods-Microspheres were prepared by both water/oil/water (w/o/w) solvent evaporation method and solid/oil/water (s/o/w) dispersion solvent evaporation method. The obtained microspheres were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. High performance liquid chromatography method was deployed to determine the encapsulation ratio. Results-The solvent evaporation method chosen for this experiment resulted in microspheres with good entrapment efficiency. Furthermore the microspheres obtained by the s/o/w method displayed better entrapment efficiency. Conclusion-The particles obtained through the s/o/w technique should be further investigated in order to develop a local drug delivery system.