Experimental extraction of Young's modulus of MCF-7 tissue using atomic force microscopy and the spherical contact models.

The study of mechanical properties of tissues can be considered as biomarkers for early detection of cancer and help in new treatments. In this study, the Young's modulus of MCF-7 breast cancer tissue was extracted using atomic force microscopy (AFM) by measuring the interaction force of the sample and performing a simulation. The force-indentation depth diagram was plotted by averaging the experimental results. In this paper, the modulus of elasticity of breast cancer tissue has been extracted with complex models such as DMT, MD, BCP, and SUN. By comparing the experimental and theoretical results and by changing the amount of hypothetical Young's modulus in the spherical contact models, the Young's modulus of the cancer tissue is considered to be between 300 and 400 Pa. The geometry of the cell was also assumed to be spherical according to the images obtained by atomic force microscopy.

Electrostatic self-cleaning gecko-like adhesives.

This paper describes the use of the electrostatic element of an electrostatic/gecko-like adhesive to repel dust particles, which have been shown to significantly affect adhesion and reliability. The result is a non-destructive, non-contact cleaning method that can be used in conjunction with other cleaning techniques, many of which rely on physical contact between the fibrillar adhesive and substrate. The paper focuses on experimental evaluation of the repulsion of 100 µm glass beads as a function of wave shape, frequency, phase number and electrode direction in relation to the gecko-like features. Results show that a two-phase square wave with the lowest practically feasible frequency can remove 100 µm glass beads from a directional gecko-like adhesive with up to 70% efficiency. Finally, using the optimized electrostatic cleaning properties, results show an approximately 25% recovery in shear stress on a rough glass for three contaminated directional gecko-like adhesives after contact with a dusty table.