ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine if there are differences in adolescent depression using variables of age, gender, smoking, and alcohol use. METHODS: A comparative, descriptive survey design was used. The adolescents (N = 217) completed either the Beck Depression Inventory or the Children's Depression Inventory and a demographic questionnaire. FINDINGS: The 15- to 16-year-olds (p = .016), females (p = .003), and smokers (p = .001) scored significantly higher than the 12- to 14-year-olds on depression. The 15- to 16-year-olds who used alcohol were found to be twice as depressed as the nonusers (p = .002). No significant differences were found in the 17- to 19-year-old age group. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed depression increased with age, in females, and with smokers. Nurses are in a unique position to provide interventions to promote healthy lifestyles and reduce the likelihood of depression and alcohol and nicotine abuse in adolescents.
Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/psychology , Depression/epidemiology , Smoking/epidemiology , Smoking/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Child , Depression/nursing , Depression/psychology , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To review findings of recent research studies on anger in children and adolescents, the outcomes of mishandled anger and interventions to promote appropriate anger management. SOURCE: Published literature. CONCLUSIONS: Anger may be a healthy or unhealthy response in children experiencing small frustrations or great injustices. Research findings vary and there is a need to clearly define anger and the correlates of anger in children and adolescents. In addition, there are limited studies on anger management strategies and their effectiveness that would assist healthcare professionals.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Anger , Psychology, Adolescent , Psychology, Child , Adolescent , Child , Female , Health Promotion , Humans , Internal-External Control , Male , Pediatric Nursing/methods , Psychiatric Nursing/methods , Self CareABSTRACT
Preterm infants are not physiologically or developmentally prepared for life outside the supportive environment of the mother's womb. Their response to stimuli is often immature and disorganized rather than adaptive. The Roy Adaptation Model's theory of an adaptive person may provide a framework for nurses to assess, plan, and evaluate nursing care for fragile preterm infants. The article examines actual and potential stressors of the premature infant; describes commonly observed disorganized, ineffective responses; and proposes a clinical tool (the STRESS tool: signs of stress, touch interventions, reduction of pain, environmental considerations, state, and stability) that nurses can use when caring for medically fragile infants.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Physiological , Adaptation, Psychological , Infant, Premature/physiology , Infant, Premature/psychology , Neonatal Nursing , Nursing Assessment/methods , Stress, Physiological/nursing , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Models, Nursing , Nursing Diagnosis , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Rehabilitation nurses have a professional responsibility to provide the most current and informed client care possible. As a result, they must keep up with the emerging healthcare delivery system of the 21st century. This article describes how nurses can get access to and use 10 information resources--namely, journals, books, pamphlets, indexes and on-line databases, conferences, continuing education, professional organizations, standards of practice of interest to nurses in rehabilitation nursing, and networking.
Subject(s)
Education, Nursing, Continuing , Information Services , Rehabilitation Nursing/education , Computer Communication Networks , Humans , Rehabilitation Nursing/trendsABSTRACT
Nurses have a professional responsibility, both morally and ethically, to provide the most current and informed patient care possible. Nurses should maintain competence in nursing, exercise informed judgment, participate in activities that contribute to the ongoing development of their profession's body of knowledge, and participate in their profession's efforts to implement and improve standards of nursing care. Nurses should stay current with new information and share this information with coworkers to help disseminate new knowledge. Such practices help advance both the body of knowledge for perioperative nursing and the profession of nursing. Nurses are encouraged to make at least two visits each year to the library. During this time, they can take the opportunity to review current periodicals, recent publications, do a CINAHL search, and browse the Internet. Nurses need to be familiar with library resources, so go to the library. Share your findings with colleagues and students. Acquire the information-seeking skills that will best serve you and your patients in the twenty-first century.
Subject(s)
Libraries , Library Services , Perioperative Nursing , Catalogs, Library , Computer Communication Networks , Information Systems , Libraries/statistics & numerical data , United StatesABSTRACT
Pediatric health care providers are concerned with the physical health, growth, and development of youth. The U.S. Public Health Service has recommended that children's mental status be reviewed during routine assessments, and the promotion of mental health is one of the priorities set by Healthy People 2000. Pediatric nurses must be able to assess mental status, including depression, in children and adolescents, and to identify pathology early. This paper presents an overview of depression, historical perspectives, risk factors, a developmental approach to assessment, common treatment regimens, and nursing implications for this mental health concern in children and adolescents.
