ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate German versions of the Parent Adherence Report Questionnaire (PARQ) and Child Adherence Report Questionnaire (CARQ) and to evaluate adherence in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: The PARQ and CARQ were translated into German, cross-culturally adapted and administered to patients (age ≥ 8 years) and their parents enrolled in the Inception Cohort Study of newly diagnosed JIA patients (ICON). The psychometric issues were explored by analyzing their test-retest reliability and construct validity. RESULTS: Four hundred eighty-one parents and their children with JIA (n = 465) completed the PARQ and CARQ at the 4-year follow-up. Mean age and disease duration of patients were 10.1 ± 3.7 and 4.7 ± 0.8 years, respectively. The rate of missing values for PARQ/CARQ was generally satisfactory, test-retesting showed sufficient reliability. PARQ/CARQ mean child ability total scores (0-100, 100 = best) for medication were 73.1 ± 23.3/76.5 ± 24.2, for exercise: 85.6 ± 16.5/90.3 ± 15.0, for splints: 72.9 ± 24.2/82.9 ± 16.5. Construct validity was supported by PARQ and CARQ scores for medications, exercise and splints showing a fair to good correlation with the Global Adherence Assessment (GAA) and selected PedsQL scales. Adolescents showed poorer adherence than children. About one third of the parents and children reported medication errors. Perceived helpfulness was highest for medication, and adverse effects were reported the greatest barrier to treatment adherence. CONCLUSIONS: The German versions of the PARQ and CARQ appear to have a good reliability and sufficient construct validity. These questionnaires are valuable tools for measuring treatment adherence, identifying potential barriers and evaluating helpfulness of treatments in patients with JIA.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Juvenile , Child , Adolescent , Humans , Arthritis, Juvenile/drug therapy , Arthritis, Juvenile/diagnosis , Quality of Life , Cohort Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Exercise , Parents , Psychometrics , Translating , Disability Evaluation , Health Status , Case-Control StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate healthcare services for patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) from the parent-proxy perspective and to identify factors associated with perceived deficits in care. METHODS: Patients with JIA from 11 paediatric rheumatology units were enrolled in an inception cohort within the first 12 months after diagnosis. Healthcare services were assessed using The Child Healthcare Questionnaire on satisfaction, utilisation and needs. Factors associated with deficits in care were identified by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Data from parents of 835 JIA-patients were included in the analysis. At the assessment (4.7 months after diagnosis), 85% of the patients received drug treatment, and 50% had received multi-professional care. The most frequently used services were physiotherapy (84%), occupational therapy (23%), and telephone counselling (17%). Almost one-third of families reported that they had not received the services that they needed, with health education being the most frequently reported need. Most parents (93%) were satisfied with the overall healthcare provided for their children, especially regarding doctors' behaviour. However, approximately 1 in 3 consumers were dissatisfied with the time to JIA diagnosis and the school services. The lower the child's quality of life, the higher the chance was that the child and the family received multi-professional care, perceived unmet needs, and were dissatisfied with care. CONCLUSIONS: According to parents' experience and satisfaction with their child's care, performance at the system level can be further improved by diagnosing JIA earlier, providing additional information at disease onset, and ensuring that the child's social environment is taken into account.
