[Effect of working shift timing and different workload on development of fatigue in workers]. / Osobennosti formirovaniia utomleniia u rabotnikov s razlichnoi stepeníu napriazhennosti truda v zavisimosti ot prodolzhitelnosti rabochei smeny.

The authors studied functional changes of central nervous and cardiovascular systems among operators having variable work strain (airlines dispatchers, operators of robot complexes, TV operators) and changeable duration of working shift (8 and 12 hours). Analysis of the materials considered work strain in the occupational groups (I, II and III degrees of strain) and duration of the working shift. The results proved that the fatigue degree depends on the work strain degree and duration of the working shift, so prophylaxis and normal work duration could be set.

[Occupational physiology, its achievements and trends in the contemporary industry]. / Fiziologiia truda, eë uspekhi i zadachi v usloviiakh sovremennogo proizvodstva.

The main task of research in industrial hygiene is to supply various occupations with prophylaxis against overstrain and its consequences. The authors studied physiologic mechanisms underlying overstrain development and consequences, revealed dependences of overstrain degree on work parameters. That helped to elaborate efficient measures preventing overstrain and diseases characteristic for some occupations. Some scientific and prophylactic items of research for oncoming years were defined.

[Physiologic and hygienic evaluation of the job and health status in workers of shoe factory]. / Fiziologo-gigienicheskaia otsenka truda i sostoianie zdorovía rabotaiushchikh v osnovnykh tsekhakh obuvnogo proizvodstva.

The article contains materials on complex physiologic and hygienic evaluation of work performed by various shoe-making occupations. The main occupational hazards are air pollution with chemicals, noise, vibration, considerable physical and psychophysiologic strain, visual exertion, inadequate working posture. The workers demonstrated fatigue of the main body functions during the shift. Diseases of locomotion and nervous system appeared to be prevalent among the shoe-makers. The complex of prophylactic measures is elaborated.

[Role of neurologic sciences in occupational medicine]. / Rol neironauk v meditsine truda.

The article presents possible neural disorders caused by occupational hazards and shows mechanisms underlying those disorders. The authors define topical problems of basic science related to occupational neurology, which require further studies with neurochemical, immunologic, neurophysiologic methods and comparison.

[The dependence of the degree of visual fatigue on the shift duration in work with video terminals and an assessment of the efficacy of preventive measures]. / Zavisimost' stepeni zritel'nogo utomleniia ot smennoi dlitel'nosti raboty s videoterminalami i otsenka éffektivnosti mer ego profilaktiki.

Dynamic studies of visual capacity for work in individuals working with displays revealed decreased accommodation volume after the long concentration on the display. The total time of work with the display of more than 2h a day involved a decrease of the accommodation volume by 0.42-0.49 diopters and transitory myopia of 0.15-0.21 diopters, as well as increased self-appraisal of fatigue. The system of prophylactic measures including rest breaks, special exercises, massage was worked out and put into practice. Repeated study has proved the effectiveness of suggested measures.

[Functional state and development of diseases of the locomotor system in seamstresses in relation to their work characteristics and degree of physical exertion of the hand muscles]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie i razvitie zabolevanii oporno- dvigatel'nogo apparata u shvei v zavisimosti ot osobennostei ikh truda i velichiny fizicheskoi nagruzki na myshtsy ruk.

Physiological and clinical on-the-spot studies were performed of the labour conditions in 3 groups of female sewing-machine operators (respectively, engaged in making women's dresses, men's suits and men's coats). The analysis performed revealed different degrees of physical load and fatigue in the operators depending on the occupational peculiarities. Specific features of the peripheral nervous system and locomotor system disorders were studied in details, along with the causal relationships underlying the degree of physical load and fatiguability, overstrain development and cumulation. The results of the study were used as a basis for setting Health-Related regulations for sewing-machine operators.

[Significance of the degree of static tension in the development of fatigue and overstrain of the neuromuscular system in polishers employed in the glass industry]. / Znachenie velichii staticheskikh nagruzok v razvitii utomleniia i perenapriazheniia nervno-myshechnogo apparata shlifovshchits stekloizdelii.

The research data proposed proved the key role of the muscles' static tension in the process of fatiguability and strain growth in glass-work polishers' neuromuscular mechanisms. It was proved that a comparatively greater static load on the shoulder girdle muscles in glass-work polishers, as compared to crystal-polishers, results in more vivid pathologic changes in this professional group. The research served as a basis for a set of health-related measures, including both palliative and radical approaches.

[The physiologic effect of lifting weights from the floor and working surface at different rates]. / Fiziologicheskaia stoimost' raboty pri pod"eme gruza s pola i s rabochei poverkhnosti s raznoi chastotoi pod"ema.

The article provides data on the physiological value workload in lifting weights from different surface levels (the floor and working surface at the level of 0.7 m from the floor), at different rates and at the distance of 0.7 m. The results of the study proved that, in case of manual lifting of weights, the rate and the surface level are the most important factors accounting for the degree and the nature of the physiological reactions, e. i the physiological value of the workload. Manual lifting of weights from the working surface is marked by a lower physiological value of workload and higher efficiency. This should be taken into account in manual labour planning, workload and labour intensity evaluation, labour conditions and recreation improvement.

[Improving working conditions of female glass cutters (polishers)]. / Ozdorovlenie uslovii truda grani'lshchits (shlifovshchits) khrustala.

The analysis of modern vast data on working conditions and health status of female workers involved in glass product processing is presented. The results of the authors' study at one of crystal plants are also given. Due to the above analysis major occupational factors noxious to workers' health have been identified. Some shortcomings of the health-improving measures proposed by a number of researchers have been underlined, among them there are insufficient physiologic standardization of work activity and the absence of complex decisions on workplace ergonomization including design of machine tools and work furniture, dust localization and suction, elimination of constant hand cooling by water.

[Comparison of physiological work capacity in lifting and carrying the loads]. / Sravnenie fiziologicheskoi stoimosti raboty pri po''deme i pere- nose gruza.

Comparative data on the physiologic value of carrying over (along the horizontal surface with the rate of walking of 4.5 km/hr) and load lifting from the floor up to 0.7 m with the rate of 6, 10, 16 per min are given, the magnitude of external load with the weight of 4-300 H being different. Physiologic values of the completed work have been compared because of the significant difference in the work load when lifting and carrying over some objects. It is demonstrated that external load magnitude and physiologic value of muscular work are directly correlated. Physiologic work value during load lifting per work unit is higher than that during its carrying over. The ratio of physiologic value of load carrying over and lifting is different under various magnitudes of external load.