[Antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria in sewage and the water of surface reservoirs]. / Antibiotikoustoichivye énterobakterii v sutochnykh vodakh i vode poverkhnostnykh vodoemov.

The literature review is concerned with the distribution of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria in sewage and surface ponds. The analysis of the published data provided the conclusion that antibiotic resistant representatives of the family Enterobacteriaceae are widely distributed in water object of the environment that could be hazardous for men. Of special attention should be the fact of the R(+)-coliform bacteria distribution which is the general index of the fecal pollution. From this viewpoint such bacteria are of double interest: firstly, antibiotic-resistant coliform bacteria could be pathogenic and play the role of a source of R plasmids for other pathogenic bacteria and secondly, they could be considered as suppliers of the signal information on the distribution of antibiotic resistance which is useful for defining the strategy and tactics of antibiotic therapy.

[Opportunistic bacteria in the seawater of recreational areas]. / Uslovno-patogennye bakterii v morskoi vode rekreatsionnykh zon.

In the coastal water of several seas lying in different climatic zones the content of such opportunistic bacteria as Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined. Correlative relationships between Klebsiella, P. aeruginosa, lactose-positive Escherichia coli, fecal E. coli, enterococci and salmonellae were revealed. On the basis of these relationships the conclusion on the possibility of using lactose-positive E. coli as indicator of Klebsiella content in sea water was made. The levels of Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the sea water of recreational zones, meeting the current norms for lactose-positive E. coli, did not reach levels, dangerous with respect to infective doses, if these bacteria were regarded as opportunistic.

[Sanitary and microbiological control of ocean water in biological pollution]. / Sanitarno-microbiologicheskii kontrol morskoi vody v usloviiakh eë biologicheskogo zagriazneniia.

Problems of coastal waters sanitary and bacteriologic inspection are discussed. Lactose positive E. coli and Enterococcus indexes as key, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa index as a supplementary one are suggested. Epidemiologically safe levels of these indexes with regard to bathing are offered.

[Antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella from coastal waters of the Caspian and Baltic seas]. / Ustoichivye k antibiotikam klebsielly v priberezhnoi vode Kaspiiskogo i Baltiiskogo morei.

Antibiotic resistant Klebsiella spp. were found to be widely distributed in coastal waters of seas to which sewage was discharged: 69.9 and 85.9%, in the waters of the Baltic and Caspian seas, respectively, the number of the strains with multiple resistance was 18.1 and 19.9%, respectively. Among the Klebsiella spp. with multiple resistance, 40% from the Baltic sea and 58.1% from the Caspian sea had conjugative R plasmids. Statistically significant regional differences in the content of antibiotic resistant Klebsiella spp. and the pattern of their antibiotic resistance were shown.

[Reptiles, the chief reservoir of Edwardsiella in nature]. / Reptilii--osnovnoi rezervuar edvardsiell v prirode.

The study of reptiles in the zoo has revealed the high level of Edwardsiella contamination in crocodiles (43%), snakes (36.4%), tortoises (23.6%) and, to a lesser extent, lizards (17.6%). All these reptiles are a natural source of Edwardsiella, and paleontological parallels, as well as the character of metabolic processes in Edwardsiella, allow referring them to the most ancient representatives of enterobacteria and date the appearance of these microorganisms from the beginning of the Mesosoic era and possibly from the end of the Paleosoic era.