ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The pathophysiology of slow flow includes microvascular disorders, endothelial dysfunction, subclinical atherosclerosis, inflammation and anatomical factors. The role of magnesium and zinc in the development of microvascular and endothelial dysfunctions as well as atherosclerosis has been proven in previous studies, and the mechanism of the development has been studied. The aim of current study was to evaluate the serum concentration of zinc and magnesium in patients with epicardial coronary artery slow flow. DESIGN: 125 patients who referred to Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Magnesium and Zinc levels were evaluated in patients. The plasma levels of studied elements were compared among the different groups and the rate of coronary artery slow flow was evaluated based on the TIMI score. RESULTS: The results of present study indicated that the serum level of Magnesium in the studied groups did not show a significant correlation with rate of coronary artery slow flow (P> 0.05). Serum Zinc concentration was significantly different in the studied groups, which means serum Zinc level in patients without coronary artery occlusion and without epicardial slow flow were significantly higher than other groups (P> 0.01). CONCLUSION: In the present study, no significant relationship was found between the serum level of zinc and magnesium with the intensity of coronary artery slow flow based on TIMI, and further studies seem to be needed to investigate this relationship.
Subject(s)
Magnesium , No-Reflow Phenomenon , Case-Control Studies , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Circulation , Coronary Vessels , Humans , Pilot Projects , ZincABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It has been documented that cytokines play important roles in the induction of normal functions of the placenta. It has been hypothesized that abnormal expression of the cytokines may be associated with unsuccessful pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and tumor growth factor (TGF-ß) in pre-term, term neonates, and their corresponding mothers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was performed on 100 term and 60 pre-term neonates, and also on their corresponded mothers. Serum levels of IL-17A and TGF-ß were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Our results revealed that the serum levels of IL-17A were significantly decreased in pre-term neonates in comparison to full-term neonates. However, the serum levels of IL-17A in the mothers either with pre-term or full-term neonates were not different. Also the serum levels of TGF-ß were not changed in pre-term neonates and their mothers when compared with full-term neonates and their mothers, respectively. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that IL-17A may play crucial roles in induction of normal pregnancies and also probably participates in normal growth of fetus.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The fear of aspiration of gastric contents and its life-threatening disadvantages in patients have encouraged many medical practitioners to follow conservative policies for clear fluid/liquid and solid intake from midnight to the time of surgery. These policies have been pursued more severely in case of pregnant women, leading the physicians to follow "nil per os" policy. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the incidence of regurgitation in two groups of pregnant women during general anesthesia for cesarean section, with standard fasting policy and taking clear fluid an hour prior to the induction of anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted for a period of 21 months in Nik-Nafs Maternity Hospital of Rafsanjan. The pregnant women who were candidates for elective cesarean section were registered for the study. All women fasted from midnight, and then were randomly assigned to one of the two groups. Those in the case group received 150 ml of clear liquid containing 10% carbohydrate about an hour before the induction of anesthesia. The occurrence of regurgitation was assessed by inserting the turnsole paper into the pharynx. Finally, the data of 411 cases were analyzed by descriptive methods. RESULTS: There was one case of regurgitation (0.69%) in the control group and one case (0.36%) in the case group, and no case of aspiration. CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence to suggest that taking clear fluids about 1 hr before cesarean section will increase the risk of regurgitation. It confirms the safety of following more flexible fasting policies preoperatively, in addition to oral fluid intake, in case of parturients.
