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1.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 110(3): 212-219, abr. 2019. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-181711

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: La telomerasa es una enzima implicada en el mantenimiento de los telómeros y la senescencia celular. Numerosos estudios han demostrado que en más del 90% de las neoplasias malignas se detecta actividad telomerásica. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la expresión de telomerasa por inmunohistoquímica en una serie de neoplasias melanocíticas. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo realizado en una serie de 85 melanomas primarios, 12 metastásicos y 22 nevus melanocíticos. La expresión de telomerasa se analizó empleando el anticuerpo monoclonal hTERT (Rockland). El análisis de los datos se realizó con el programa SPSS. Resultados: En todas las neoplasias melanocíticas analizadas se demostró expresión de telomerasa. En el caso de los melanomas predominó el patrón de expresión heterogéneo, y la expresión moderada o intensa. En los nevus resultó más frecuente una expresión homogénea con intensidad leve. El patrón de expresión heterogéneo se asoció a los melanomas de rápido crecimiento (p = 0,028), con Breslow > 4 mm (p = 0,004), con mitosis (p = 0,032), y con mutaciones en el gen TERT (p = 0,002). En el caso de los nevus, la intensidad fue menor en los nevus intradérmicos, seguidos de los compuestos y de los diplásicos (p = 0,054). Conclusiones: La expresión de telomerasa está presente en la totalidad de las neoplasias melanocíticas, con mayor expresión en los melanomas que en los nevus. En el caso de los melanomas, la expresión de forma heterogénea se asocia a un fenotipo de mayor agresividad


Background and objectives: Telomerase is an enzyme involved in maintaining the length of telomeres and cell senescence. Numerous studies have shown that in more than 90% of malignant tumors telomerase activity is detected. Material and methods: Retrospective observational study in a series of 85 cases of primary melanomas, 12 metastatic melanomas, and 22 melanocytic nevi. We used the monoclonal antibody hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase, Rockland) to assess telomerase activity. The SPSS software package was used to analyze data. Results: Telomerase expression was present in all the melanocytic neoplasms analyzed. Expression was heterogenous and moderate or high in the melanomas. In contrast, expression was homogeneous and lower in the nevi. Heterogeneous expression was associated with rapid melanoma growth (P = .028), a Breslow thickness of more than 4 mm (P = .004), mitosis (P = .032), and mutations in the TERT gene (P = .002). Activity was less intense in intradermal nevi, and more intense in compound and dysplastic nevi (P = .054). Conclusions: Telomerase expression is found in all melanocytic neoplasms but is higher in melanomas than in nevi. A heterogeneous pattern of expression in melanomas is associated with more aggressive tumors


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Telomerase/analysis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Melanoma/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/enzymology , Telomere/ultrastructure , Melanoma/enzymology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Telomerase/metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , Retrospective Studies , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Nevus/enzymology
2.
Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) ; 110(3): 212-219, 2019 Apr.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30591199

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Telomerase is an enzyme involved in maintaining the length of telomeres and cell senescence. Numerous studies have shown that in more than 90% of malignant tumors telomerase activity is detected. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study in a series of 85 cases of primary melanomas, 12 metastatic melanomas, and 22 melanocytic nevi. We used the monoclonal antibody hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase, Rockland) to assess telomerase activity. The SPSS software package was used to analyze data. RESULTS: Telomerase expression was present in all the melanocytic neoplasms analyzed. Expression was heterogenous and moderate or high in the melanomas. In contrast, expression was homogeneous and lower in the nevi. Heterogeneous expression was associated with rapid melanoma growth (P=.028), a Breslow thickness of more than 4 mm (P=.004), mitosis (P=.032), and mutations in the TERT gene (P=.002). Activity was less intense in intradermal nevi, and more intense in compound and dysplastic nevi (P=.054). CONCLUSIONS: Telomerase expression is found in all melanocytic neoplasms but is higher in melanomas than in nevi. A heterogeneous pattern of expression in melanomas is associated with more aggressive tumors.


Subject(s)
Melanoma/metabolism , Nevus, Pigmented/metabolism , Skin Neoplasms/metabolism , Telomerase/biosynthesis , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies
3.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 109(3): 241-247, abr. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-172829

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad de injerto contra huésped crónica (EICHc) es la causa más importante de mortalidad tardía no relacionada con la recidiva del trasplante alogénico de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas. La EICHc esclerodermiforme suele ser refractaria a los corticosteroides y supone todo un reto terapéutico. Se han descrito anticuerpos activadores contra el RFCDP en pacientes con EICHc esclerodermiforme. Estos anticuerpos inducen la fosforilación del RFCDP, produciendo fibrosis. Hay cada vez más evidencias de la efectividad de imatinib, un inhibidor de la tirosina cinasa, en el tratamiento de la EICHc esclerodermiforme. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la respuesta de la EICHc esclerodermiforme al imatinib. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de 18 pacientes con EICHc cutánea esclerodermiforme refractaria a inmunosupresores tratada con imatinib en un único centro. La evaluación de la respuesta al tratamiento se realizó mediante valoración clínica del dermatólogo y percepción subjetiva del paciente tras uno, 3, 6, 9, 12 y 18 meses de iniciar el tratamiento con imatinib. La respuesta fue valorada como completa, parcial, significativa, sin cambios o progresión. El descenso de la dosis de esteroides se catalogó como completo, parcial o no posible. RESULTADOS: En nuestra serie, 4 (22%) pacientes lograron una respuesta completa, 9 (50%) alcanzaron una respuesta parcial, 2 (11%) tuvieron un grado significativo de respuesta, 2 (11%) no presentaron ningún cambio y uno (6%) experimentó avance de la enfermedad en el último seguimiento que se llevó a cabo. El tiempo medio transcurrido desde el inicio del imatinib hasta mostrar algún grado de respuesta fue de 2,75 meses (rango 1-9 meses). CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio apoya la evidencia de la utilidad del imatinib en el tratamiento de la EICHc esclerodermiforme


INTRODUCTION: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is the most important cause of late non-relapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Sclerodermatous cGVHD is usually steroid refractory and remains a therapeutic challenge. Activating antibodies against the PDGFR have been reported in patients with sclerodermatous cGVHD. These antibodies induce PDGFR phosphorylation and lead to fibrosis. There is increasing evidence of successful treatment of sclerodermatous cGVHD with imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the response of cutaneous sclerodermatous cGVHD to imatinib. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 18 patients with sclerodermatous cGVHD refractory to immunosuppressants treated with imatinib in a single center. Evaluation of treatment response was performed by clinicians' assessment and patients' subjective response at one, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months after initiation of imatinib. Response was assessed as complete, partial, significant, no change or progression. Tapper off steroids was complete, partial or not possible. RESULTS: In our series, 4 (22%) patients achieved complete response, 9 (50%) patients partial response, 2 (11%) patients significant response, 2 (11%) patients had no change and one (6%) patient progressive disease at last follow-up. Mean time from initiation of imatinib to any degree of response was 2,75 months (range 1-9 months). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides further evidence of the role of imatinib for the treatment of steroid refractory sclerodermatous cGVHD


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Graft vs Host Disease/drug therapy , Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Steroids/therapeutic use , Skin Diseases/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Phosphorylation , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
4.
Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) ; 109(3): 241-247, 2018 Apr.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29254596

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is the most important cause of late non-relapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Sclerodermatous cGVHD is usually steroid refractory and remains a therapeutic challenge. Activating antibodies against the PDGFR have been reported in patients with sclerodermatous cGVHD. These antibodies induce PDGFR phosphorylation and lead to fibrosis. There is increasing evidence of successful treatment of sclerodermatous cGVHD with imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the response of cutaneous sclerodermatous cGVHD to imatinib. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 18 patients with sclerodermatous cGVHD refractory to immunosuppressants treated with imatinib in a single center. Evaluation of treatment response was performed by clinicians' assessment and patients' subjective response at one, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months after initiation of imatinib. Response was assessed as complete, partial, significant, no change or progression. Tapper off steroids was complete, partial or not possible. RESULTS: In our series, 4 (22%) patients achieved complete response, 9 (50%) patients partial response, 2 (11%) patients significant response, 2 (11%) patients had no change and one (6%) patient progressive disease at last follow-up. Mean time from initiation of imatinib to any degree of response was 2,75 months (range 1-9 months). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides further evidence of the role of imatinib for the treatment of steroid refractory sclerodermatous cGVHD.


Subject(s)
Graft vs Host Disease/drug therapy , Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Scleroderma, Localized/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Chronic Disease , Female , Graft vs Host Disease/complications , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Scleroderma, Localized/etiology , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
9.
Med. cután. ibero-lat.-am ; 40(5): 158-161, sept.-oct. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-108091

ABSTRACT

La disqueratosis congénita (DC) es una genodermatosis multisistémica con un riesgo importante de padecer neoplasias malignas. Presentamos la evolución y complicaciones de un varón de 37 años que en la infancia fue diagnosticado de DC. El paciente desarrolló un tumor gástrico neuroendocrino y falleció. Revisamos las características clínicas de la enfermedad y destacamos la importancia de realizar un exhaustivo seguimiento de estos pacientes ante el riesgo potencial de presentar neoplasias (AU)


Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a genodermatosis with multisystem, life-threatening complications such as malignancies. We present the case of a37-year-old male diagnosed of DC in his infancy that developed a neuroendocrine gastric tumor and died. We also review the clinical features of the disease and emphasize the importance of performing a close surveillance of these patients due to the significant risk of malignancies (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Dyskeratosis Congenita/complications , Neuroendocrine Tumors/complications , Stomach Neoplasms/complications , Telomerase
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