[Features of the initial manifestations of Alzheimer's disease]. / O nekotorykh osobennostiakh initsial'nykh proiavlenii bolezni Al'tsgeimera.

On the basis of a retrospective analysis of characteristics of the initial stage of Alzheimer's disease the authors showed its variability with regard to both clinical manifestations and duration. It was found that the psychopathological structure and increase in disturbances at the initial stage of Alzheimer's disease correlated with the age at the onset of the disease. In some cases an increase in its clinical manifestations could be correlated with definite pretreatment personality peculiarities of the patients. In some patients the cortical focal disorders and intellectual dysfunctions with which dementia first manifested itself became most pronounced in the advanced stage of the pathological process.

[Clinical picture of the late stages of sluggishly-progressing schizophrenia in advanced age]. / Klinika otdalennykh étapov vialotekushchei shizofrenii v pozdnem vozraste.

Under examination there were 190 patients over 60 years of the age suffering from sluggishly progressing schizophrenia and observed at dispensaries for the long time. The course of the psychopathological disorders characteristic of that disease was followed in them for many decades. At the late age a tendency to a regression of most productive symptoms, a certain enlivening of the emotional-volitional sphere, and exaggeration of the signs of the personality structure deformity was revealed. Two types of the negative disorders are specified: one with prevalence of intellectual-volitional impairments (prognostically less favourable), and the other with prevalence of affective changes (prognostically more favourable). Comparative results of studying the time course of the personality's post-process changes in 158 ambulatory patients of the same age are also presented.

[Progressiveness of schizophrenia. II. The progressiveness of continuously proceeding forms of schizophrenia]. / K probleme progredientnosti shizofrenii. Soobshcheniee II. K probleme progredientnosti nepreryvno tekushchikh form shizofrenii.

The study involved a clinical examination of 568 patients with continious forms of schizophrenia and different degrees of progression (from mild sluggish to malignant forms). The following stages of the diseases are differentiated: an initial one, a stage of the highest process activity, a stage of stabilization, reduction of the psychosis and formation of the terminal state. A thorough analysis of the cases demonstrated that even in a continuous development of schizophrenia, the progression of the process is limited in time. It was found that the more polymorphic and severe are the signs of the process in active phase, the less is the time taken by this phase. In compliance with varying duration of the active stages of the disease the age periods during which there ensue a stabilization of the malignant, sluggish and paranoid forms of schizophrenia are very diverse.

[Problem of progression in schizophrenia. I. Problem of progression of attack-like forms]. / K probleme progredientnosti pri shizofrenii. Soobshchenie I. K probleme progredientnosti pristupoobrazno protekaiushchikh form.

A total of 552 patients with attack-like schizophrenia, who attained old age were examined clinically. It was established that the development of negative changes in such patients occurs predominantly during the first half of life. Subsequently not all patients demonstrate a progressive development of the disease and even if it does occur it is seen in the form of more frequent or longer attacks and a complication of psychopathological disorders. At the same time there is a certain correlation between the clinical picture of the attacks and the severity of deficitary changes. A reverse development of some personality changes in long-term remissions in old age are described.

[Age-related dynamics of outpatient forms of schizophrenia (on the age-related dynamics of so-called latent schizophrenia in light of late catamneses in senescence)]. / Vozrastnaia dinamika nekotorykh vnebol'nichnykh form shizofrenii (k vozrastnoi dinamike tak nazyvaemoi latentnoi shizofrenii v svete otdalennykh katamnezov v starosti).

The report contains a study of 45 patients aged 60--84 in whom during the entire life there were gradually increasing subclinical symptoms of schizophrenia: emotional shallowness, oddness, episodic rudimentary affective or paranoial disturbances. However, the level of adaptation and mental activity did not suffer significantly. The age-specific dynamics of such forms corresponded to general regularities in the development of schizophrenia: in the involutional period there was revivification of the above-mentioned symptoms of schizophrenia while in senescence only paranoial disorders and an increase of deficitary changes remained. The author discusses the question of justified diagnosis of latent schizophrenia in such cases.

[Attack-like schizophrenia with a "progressive" course and profound long-term remissions in old age]. / Pristupoobraznaia shizofreniia s "regredientnym" techeniem i glubokimi slitel'nymi remissiiami v starosti

The author examined 131 patients with conditions of deep and durative remissions who had not been hospitalized during the past 20 years. Clinically they were characterized by some common traits. In most of the cases the premorbid personality and the character during the state of remission had hypersthenic traits. Manifest psychoses were seen mainly from 25-45 years. The subsequent development of the disease had infrequent prevalently affective-delusional attacks with a tendency to an intensification of phasic disorders in the involutional period and a subsequent regressive development of the disease in all cases in senescence.

[Results of an epidemiologic study of mental patients over 60 years of age in one of the districts of Moscow]. / Nekotorye rezul'taty épidemiologicheskogo izucheniia psikhicheski bol'nykh starshe 60 let, prozhivaiushchikh v odnom iz raionov Moskvy

The convened investigation was related to a clinico-epidemiological study of mental disorders in individuals older than 60 who lived in the Kiev district of Moscow. The study was made of the entire population by a nonselective method with a fulfillment of a specially elaborated epidemiological chart. On the basis of an analysis of such charts and a personal interview of 1024 elderly patients and 215 elderly individuals not registered in the neuropsychiatric dispensary it was possible to receive some data concerning the prevalence rates, diagnostical, sex and age content of mental diseases in patients over 60, living in the given district.

[Results of a continuous study of a population of schizophrenic patients more than 60-years-old, registered at Moscow Psychoneurologic Dispensary No. 2]. / Rezul'taty sploshnogo obsledovaniia populiatsii bol'nykh schizofreniei starshe 60 let, nakhodiashchikhsia na uchete v Moskovskom psikhonevrologicheskom dispansere No. 2

The authors conducted an overall study of schizophrenic patients, older than 60 years of age and registered in one of the Moscow dispensaries. It was demonstrated that the elderly amount to 17% of the whole schizophrenic population in the given dispensary. The percentage of late schizophrenia (16.7%) is relatively high, although the percentage of them in a hospital population is even higher (27-35%). The sex ratio demonstrated a larger amount of women (1 : 3). 90% of all the studied patients at the moment of examination were at home, while 33% were never admitted to hospitals. Among the studied contingent there was a high percentage of patients with a regressive development of the process and a stabilization with a tendency towards its obliviation. The study contains some data necessary for further investigations concerning the adaptational possibilities and physical state of these patients. The obtained information require correlations with data on the general population of this region in the same age periods.