Description of custom thread IGM technique with use of PDO facial support threads in the orofacial harmonization

The aim of this article was to describe a thread lifting procedure used for face lifting and skin rejuvenation, developed by the Doctor Molina Dental Institute (IGM, in the Portuguese acronym), termed "IGM custom thread technique" that has shown excellent results in facial tissue repositioning for facial harmonization. In this study, rather than presenting the results, we have described and discussed the proposed custom thread injection technique.

Evaluaton of hexagon deformation of dental implant regarding to the insertion force

The aim of this study is to evaluate hexagon deformation of dental implant regarding to the insertion force, verifying the external hexagon platforms before and after each torque performed. Thereunto, 25 implants were selected and divided into 5 groups with 5 implants each one; every group received different torque 10N, 20N, 30N, 40N and 100N. A Surgical torque wrench was used, with the implant installation key, what established the insertion force for each group. The platform measurements were carried out before and after apply the torque by analyses of images acquired through implant platforms. We conclude, by this study methodology, 100N forces were able to cause changes on hexagon dimensions; however, it did not damage the prosthesis platform adaptation.

Evaluation of mercury contamination in patients and water during amalgam removal.

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate mercury levels in wastewater and in patients during the removal of dental amalgam restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To test for mercury levels, patients were tested before and after amalgam restoration removal. To test for mercury emissions, samples of constant volume of wastewater from high-speed drills were collected before and during amalgam restoration removal. RESULTS: Although the systemic mercury levels were lower than the limit of biological tolerance, all patients had increased levels after dental restorations. All samples of wastewater had increased mercury levels too. CONCLUSION: The urinary levels of mercury increased with dental amalgam removal using a high-speed drill. During the process of amalgam removal, water used for cooling the dental drill was contaminated with mercury. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The mercury released by the physical action of the drill, the replacement material and especially the final destination of the amalgam waste can increase contamination levels that can be a risk for human and environment health.

Influence of hormonal variation on periodontal tissues during premenstrual and preovulatory periods

The aim of this work was to evaluate the hormonal influence on periodontal tissues in two moments: premenstrual and preovulatory, in women whose are in the reproductive phase between 18 and 45 years. The sample is composed by 30 women, who were analyzed following the inclusion criteria as: not pregnant women, who are not using contraceptive or other means of hormonal replacement, who were not in the menopause and who did not present systemic diseases. The periodontal exams were accomplished in two periods: premenstrual and preovulatory, when it was verified blee din gon probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) indexes. The premenstrual period obtained greater bleeding on probing index when compared with preovulatory period, showing a statistically significant difference. However, in spite of the probing depth measurements have been greater in the premenstrual period (1.684±0.4728) than in the preovulatoryone (1.679 ± 0.4749); the differences were not statistically significant. Basin gon the resultsand according to the methodology used, it was possible conclude that the hormonal variation influences on periodontal tissues.

Avaliação do uso de membranas na infiltração de tecido conjuntivo em alvéolos de dentes recém-extraídos / Comparison of the use of membranes in conjunctive infiltration in alveoli freshly extracted teeth

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho da membrana de celulose impregnada em doxiciclina e comparar esta com as membranas existentes na infiltração de tecido conjuntivo em alvéolos de ratos pós-exodontia. Utilizaram-se 36 ratos divididos em quatro grupos (controle - GC, membrana teflon - GT, membrana de polipropileno - GP e membrana de celulose impregnada com doxiciclina - GCD). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos (p = 0,0856). Todas as membranas apresentaram um comportamento semelhante. Destaque- se o menor grau de infiltração observado no grupo das membranas de teflon.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of new membrane comparing to others trademarks available in the market as for decrease conjunctive tissue infiltration in the rat's alveoli after extractions. 36 rats were randomly divided in four groups (control - GC, Teflon membrane (Gore-tex) -GT, polypropylene membrane (bone heal) - GP, Test membrane (cellulose impregnated doxycycline - GCD). Anova test showed no statistic difference between groups (p value = 0,0852). Despite no statistical difference all the membranes showed similar behavior and was possible noticed that have been reduced the depth of tissue infiltration.

Histometric study of resorption on replanted teeth with enamel matrix-derived protein.

BACKGROUND: Enamel matrix-derived proteins (Emdogain) stimulate the proliferation of periodontal ligament cells, contributing to their regeneration. AIM: This study was to perform histometric assessment of root surface resorption in replanted teeth with the use of Emdogain®. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing 180 to 200 gm, were anesthetized, subjected to extraction of the upper right incisor tooth, which was then replanted into the alveoli with the following treatment: (a) control group--tooth with root canal filled with calcium hydroxide paste and (b) treated group--tooth with root canal filled with enamel matrix-derived protein. The animals were sacrificed 25 days after tooth replantation. The maxilla was processed to obtain thin sections (6 µ) and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The resorption volume percentage of each dental element was calculated from the cementoenamel junction to the apex. RESULTS: Quantification of resorption revealed that Emdogaintreated teeth showed a lower percentage of resorption (31.58%) compared to controls (80.48%) (statistically significant values--t-test p-value=0.0431). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that Emdogain used as root canal filling has properties capable of showing a lower percentage of resorption in replanted teeth.

Histometric analysis of alveolar bone regeneration with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) and latex membranes

AIM: To investigate the amount of connective tissue migrated into the extraction socket using EPTFE and latex membranes. METHODS: Seventeen rats were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: e-PTFE membrane (n = 6), Latex membrane (n = 6) and Control (no membrane, n=5). After extraction of the maxillary right incisor, the animals of the test groups were subjected to alveolar guided bone regeneration (GBR) surgery and received an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) and a latex membrane, respectively. Thirty days after surgery, the animals were killed and histometric analysis was done to evaluate the migration of connective tissue. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and multiple-comparison Tukey's test at 5% significance level. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference between groups e-PTFE and Latex (p=0.001), and between groups e-PTFE and Control (p=0.012), but no significant difference was found between groups Latex and Control (p=0.416). CONCLUSIONS: The e-PTFE membrane showed better results and appeared more adequate for GBR therapy, forming a barrier to prevent the migration of connective tissue into the extraction socket. The latex membrane, on the other hand, did not show benefits over the control group.

Uso da membrana de látex em alvéolos de dentes recém-extraídos: relato de caso / Use of latex membrane in alveolar wound of following tooth extraction: a case report

O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a avaliação feita radiograficamente no reparo alveolar de dentes extraídos, associados à utilização da membrana de látex. Foram selecionados pacientes sistemicamente saudáveis, com indicação para exodontia de segundo molar inferior direito onde se utilizou membrana de látex para estabilização do coágulo sanguíneo sobre o alvéolo dental. Deste foram tomadas radiografias pré e pós-operatórias onde se mensurou a perda óssea vertical. Não foi observado qualquer tipo de incômodo adicional pela presença da membrana de látex. Houve minimização da perda óssea vertical. Concluiu-se que a biomembrana de látex foi bem tolerada pelo paciente e auxiliou no processo cicatricial e de manutenção das dimensões do rebordo alveolar.

The aim of this study was to report a radiographical follow up of the reparation of sockets in recently extracted teeth using latex membranes. A group of systemical healthy patients with indication for extraction of lower right second molar were chosen and latex membrane to stabilize the blood clot on the dental socket were used. These radiographs were taken on pre and post-operative and vertical bone loss was measured. As results a minimization of vertical bone loss was noticed and we conclude that the latex membrane was well tolerated by the patients and helped with the healing and maintenance of the dimensions of the alveolar ridge.

Incidência de lesões bucais na Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul) / Incidence of oral lesions in University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul)

Um dos maiores dilemas que o clínico encontra com respeito ao diagnóstico de lesões bucais é a variedade de possíveis condições que podem ocorrer, visto que se depara com um número extenso de diagnósticos diferenciais. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a incidência de lesões bucais encontradas na clínica de Estomatologia da Unisul, Tubarão - SC; analisar prontuários, observando sexo, idade, hábito de tabagismo ou não e alterações sistêmicas dos pacientes, correlacionando com o tipo de lesão que apresentarem; definir as lesões intrabucais mais frequentes no estudo e relatar suas características clínicas. As informações clínicas dos pacientes e as informações dos resultados foram obtidas por meio de consulta aos respectivos prontuários arquivados no serviço da disciplina, tendo sido pesquisados 64 laudos anatomopatológicos. As lesões mais frequentes foram a hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória, a leucoplasia e o cisto periodontal apical.

Avaliação dos níveis de mercúrio sistêmico após remoção de restaurações de amálgama / Evaluation of systemic mercury levels after replacement of amalgam restoration

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto da remoção de restaurações amálgama, nos níveis de mercúrio sistêmico, na urina de pacientes. Distribuíram-se 20 pacientes em dois grupos amostrais dependentes: GR1 (n = 10) – antes da remoção da restauração sem dique de borracha; GR2 (n = 10) – os mesmos pacientes do grupo GR1, após a remoção da restauração; GA1 (n = 10) – antes da remoção com diquede borracha; GA2 (n = 10) – os mesmos pacientes do grupo GA1, após a remoção da restauração. Entre os grupos dependentes houve diferença estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,005012 e p = 0,009747). Os pacientes apresentaram aumento nos níveis de mercúrio sistêmico, independentemente do uso de dique de borracha.

Correlação entre colorimetria e potenciometria na determinação da liberação de flúor a partir de materiais restauradores / Correlation between colorimetric and potentiometry do determine fluoride release from restorative materials

Proposta: Avaliou-se a liberação de fluoretos de materiais ionoméricos através de colorimetria e potenciometria. Material e métodos: Utilizaram-se três cimentos ionoméricos, sendo dois compômeros, e um ionômero de vidro resinoso. Preparou-se 10 amostras para cada um dos três materiais analisados. A liberação de fluoreto foi medida após 24 horas e no 15° dia. As amostras foram estocadas em 40ml de água deionizada a qual era trocada a cada 24 horas. Desta solução 20 ml serviu para mensurar os níveis de fluoretos através de colorimetria e 20 ml para análise potenciométrica. Resultados: Quanto ao desempenho dos materiais ambas análises apresentaram o mesmo comportamento estatístico com diferença estatística significante (ANOVA = p<0,05) em qualquer um dos intervalos de tempo avaliados. A partir destes resultados, obteve-se elevada correlação estatística (Person r = 0,971). Conclusão: Tanto a análise por colorimetria quanto por eletrodo específico mostraram-se adequadas e estatisticamente correlacionadas

Objective: It was studied fluoride release from glassionomer cement by means of colorimetric and potentiometry. Materials and methods: It was used three ionomeric cements, have been two compomers and one resin based ionomer. The fluoride release was measured after 24 hours and on 15° day . The samples were storage in 40ml deionized water that have been changed each 24 hours. From this solution 20 ml were used to potentiometry and others 20ml were used to colorimetric measurements. Results: The materials behavior in both analysis showed the same statistic difference (ANOVA p<0,05) independent the time spend. From this results high correlation were obtained between analysis methods (Person r = 0,971). Conclusion: Colorimetric and potentiometry analysis showed able to use and statistic correlated

Sorriso gengival, quando a toxina botulínica pode ser utilizada / Gummy smile, when botulin toxin can be used

Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi através de revisão bibliográfica elucidar a aplicação do Botox como alternativas terapêutica para o tratamento do sorriso gengival. Revisão: Qualquer exposição gengival ao sorriso natural ou ao discurso, superior a uma faixa contínua de gengiva de 3mm, caracteriza sorriso gengival. Este possui frequentemente causa multifatorial, podendo estar presente excesso de crescimento vertical da maxila, contração labial excessiva, lábio superior curto, excesso gengival e extrusão dos dentes anteriores. Conclusão: O Botox pode ser utilizado como alternativas terapêuticas para o tratamento do sorriso gengival somente quando a etiologia for causada por hipercontração labial

Objective: The aim of this study was by means of literature review shown the clinical application to Botox as treatment alternatives to gummy smile. Review: The exposure of gingival display shape during natural smile over than 3mm calls gummy smile. The ethiology is multifactorial and can be showed excessive vertical maxillary grow up, excessive labial contraction, shorter upper lip, gingival excess and extrusion of the anterior teeth. Conclusion: the botox therapeutics alternative can be used only in muscle hyperactive

Effects from exposure to dental amalgam on systemic mercury levels in patients and dental school students.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the systemic mercury levels in urine of patients and dental school students caused by exposure to silver amalgam. It is currently believed that occupational exposure shows the highest rate of potential for poisoning by mercury. Dental professionals are part of that quota, introducing concerns regarding the handling of dental amalgam. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 40 urine samples from 20 subjects, which were divided into four sampling groups: G1A (n = 10) composed of students before their first occupational contact; G1B (n = 10) composed of the same G1 students after their first contact; G2A (n = 10) composed of patients who needed to have dental restorations before amalgam removal; and G2B (n = 10) composed of patients who needed to have dental restoration after amalgam removal. Cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CVAAS) was used as the evaluation method. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found among dependent groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.0038), whereas mercury levels increased considerably after the first occupational contact of all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational exposure to dental amalgam poses a potential risk of increasing systemic mercury levels, although urine mercury levels in all the sample participants were below the limits of biologic tolerance.

Use of enamel matrix protein derivative before dental reimplantation: a histometric analysis.

The use of enamel matrix protein in the treatment of periodontal defects has shown a favorable action on the proliferation of periodontal ligament cells, as well as on collagen formation and mineralization. The goal was to evaluate, histologically and histometrically, periodontal tissue regeneration after dental reimplantation using enamel matrix protein derivative (Emdogain, Biora AB, Malmö, Sweden). Male rats (Albinus, Wistar), weighing between 180 and 200 g, were divided in 3 groups. Animals in group I (control) had the upper right incisors extracted, the root canal was sealed with calcium hydroxide, and teeth were reimplanted in their alveoli. Group II underwent the same procedure, but the remaining periodontal ligament was removed from the root surfaces by root planing before reimplantation. In group III,following removal of the periodontal ligament, Emdogain was applied to the root surfaces. Animals were sacrificed 7, 20, and 60 days after reimplantation, and the alveoli were fixed, processed, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Formation of periodontal ligament, resorption areas, and ankylosis were analyzed. The results showed that group I (control) was better than groups II and III, with statistically significant differences on days 7 and 20 after reimplantation for formation of periodontal ligament. It may be concluded that with the methodology used, Emdogain was unable to stimulate tissue repair in reimplanted teeth.

Bioactive glass efficacy in the periodontal healing of intrabony defects in monkeys.

The purpose of this study was the histomorphologic analysis of the efficacy of bioactive glass particles with a narrow size range (Biogran) in the periodontal healing of 2-wall intrabony defects in monkeys. The 2-wall defects were made in the mesial area of the left and right second premolars of four monkeys, filled with gutta-percha and, after 15 days, they were debrided and either naturally filled with coagulum (control) or implanted with bioactive glass (test). In the control sites, the junctional epithelium migrated up to the base of the defect. The presence of newly formed cementum was more significant in the test defects. Both control and test sites showed newly formed bone at the base of the defect. The test defects presented foci of newly formed bone around and within the glass particles localized in the middle third, distant from the defect walls. Histologic analysis showed that the 300- to 355-microm bioactive glass particles aided new periodontal insertion. In conclusion, the tested bioactive glass had better healing potential than debridement only. The graft material showed a promising inhibition of apical migration of the junctional epithelium and greater cementum deposition on the radicular surface of the intrabony defects. The replacement of bioactive glass particles by new bone occurred due not only to an osteoconductive property, but also to an osteostimulatory capacity. Future investigations should evaluate this potential comparatively or together with other grafting materials, regenerative techniques and biological modifiers, as well as assess the longitudinal stability of the new attachment.

Emprego de matriz dérmica acelular para recobrimento radicular / The use of accelular dermal matrix for root overlap

Experimento: Diferentes técnicas têm sido propostas para o tratamento de recessão gengival. Este estudo relata o resultado clínico do tratamento de recessão gengival com enxerto alógeno de matriz dérmica acelular (Allo Derm). Métodos: Uma paciente apresentando recessão gengival classe I de Miller foi analisada. A exposição da superfície radicular foi tratada através do recobrimento com enxerto alógeno de matriz dérmica acelular substituindo o tecido palatal doador. Profundidade de sondagem, nível clínico de inserção, recessão gengival, e largura do tecido queratinizado, foram observados. Resultados: Houve o recobrimento total da exposição radicular e aumento da área de gengiva inserida de tecido queratinizado. Conclusão: O enxerto alógeno de matriz dérmica acelular pode ser um substituto para o enxerto de tecido conjuntivo autógeno em procedimentos de recobrimento radicular

Bioactive Glass Efficacy in the Periodontal Healing of Intrabony Defects in Monkeys

A proposta desse estudo foi avaliar histologicamente a eficácia de um vidro bioativo com pequena variação de tamanho de partículas (Biogran) na cicatrização periodontal de defeitos infra-ósseos de 2 paredes em macacos. Os defeitos foram feitos na mesial dos segundos pré-molares direito e esquerdo de 4 macacos, a seguir foram preenchidos com guta-percha e, após 15 dias, foram debridados e preenchidos naturalmente com coágulo (controle) ou com vidro bioativo (teste). Nos sítios-controle, o epitélio juncional migrou até a base do defeito. A formação de novo cemento foi mais significante nos defeitos-teste. Ambos os tipos de defeitos, controle e teste, apresentaram formação de novo osso na área da base dos defeitos. Os defeitos-teste apresentaram deposição de novo osso ao redor e dentro de partículas de vidro bioativo localizadas no terço médio, distantes das paredes do defeito. A análise histológica demonstrou que o vidro bioativo com partículas de 300 a 355 µm favoreceu nova inserção periodontal. Concluiu-se que o vidro bioativo testado teve melhor potencial de cura que o debridamento. O material enxertado mostrou promissora inibição da migração apical do epitélio junctional e maior deposição de cemento na superfície radicular em defeitos infra-ósseos A substituição das partículas de vidro bioativo por novo osso ocorreu devido não apenas a uma atividade osteo-condutora, mas também a uma capacidade osteo-estimuladora. Futuras investigações devem avaliar esse potencial comparativamente a outros materiais de enxerto, técnicas regenerativas e modificadores biológicos, assim como, avaliar longitudinalmente a estabilidade dessa nova inserção.