[Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale]. / Adaptación y validación al castellano de la Escala de Despersonalización de Cambridge.

INTRODUCTION: The Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale (CDS) is a self-rating questionnaire constructed to capture the frequency and duration of depersonalization symptoms over the last six months. The instrument has proved to be valid and reliable and can be useful in both clinical and neurobiological research. METHODS: This paper presents the Spanish adaptation and validation of the CDS. The study was carried out in two stages. First, we developed the Spanish version of the CDS by means of a cross-cultural adaptation methodology. Second, the CDS was tried on a sample of 130 subjects: 77 patients meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia, 35 with depression disorders and 18 with anxiety disorders. Scores were compared against clinical diagnoses (gold standard). Furthermore, all the subjects of the study were administered the following: Dissociation Experiences Scale (DES), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). RESULTS: 38 patients (29.2 %) had depersonalization symptoms. The scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.9 and split-half reliability > 0.8) and a test-retest reliability of 0.391. Convergent validity was 0.65 (p < 0.001) and discriminant validity was 0.308 (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.94. A cut-off of 71 appears to be most useful (sensitivity and specificity were 76.3 % and 89.1 %, respectively). CONCLUSION: The Spanish version of the CDS has good reliability and validity, similar to the original instrument.

Adaptación y validación al castellano de la Escala de Despersonalización de Cambridge / Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale

Introducción. La Escala de Despersonalización de Cambridge (CDS) es un cuestionario autoadministrado construido para capturar la frecuencia y duración de los síntomas de despersonalización en los últimos 6 meses. El instrumento ha mostrado ser válido y fiable y puede ser útil tanto en la clínica como en la investigación neurobiológica. Métodos. Este trabajo presenta la adaptación y validación al castellano de la CDS. El estudio fue llevado a cabo en dos etapas. En la primera desarrollamos la versión española de la CDS siguiendo la metodología de adaptación transcultural. En la segunda la CDS fue aplicada en una muestra de 130 sujetos: 77 pacientes reunieron criterios del DSM-IV-TR para esquizofrenia, 35 con trastorno depresivo y 18 con trastorno de ansiedad. Las puntuaciones obtenidas fueron comparadas con el diagnóstico clínico (patrón oro). Además, todos los sujetos del estudio completaron los cuestionarios Escala de Experiencias Disociativas (DES), Escala de los Síndromes Positivo y Negativo (PANSS), Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI) y Escala de Ansiedad de Hamilton (HARS). Resultados. Treinta y ocho pacientes (29,2 %) presentaron síntomas de despersonalización. La escala mostró una consistencia interna elevada (alfa de Cronbach > 0,9 y fiabilidad al dividir por la mitad [split-half reliability], > 0,8) y una fiabilidad test-retest de 0,391. La validez convergente fue de 0,65 (p < 0,001) y la discriminativa fue de 0,308 (p < 0,05). El área bajo la curva ROC fue de 0,94. El punto de corte de 71 pareció ser el más favorable (la sensibilidad y especificidad fueron 76,3 y 89,1 %, respectivamente). Conclusión. La versión al castellano de la CDS ha mostrado una validez y fiabilidad aceptables, similares a las del cuestionario original

Introduction. The Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale (CDS) is a self-rating questionnaire constructed to capture the frequency and duration of depersonalization symptoms over the last six months. The instrument has proved to be valid and reliable and can be useful in both clinical and neurobiological research. Methods. This paper presents the Spanish adaptation and validation of the CDS. The study was carried out in two stages. First, we developed the Spanish version of the CDS by means of a cross-cultural adaptation methodology. Second, the CDS was tried on a sample of 130 subjects: 77 patients meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia, 35 with depression disorders and 18 with anxiety disorders. Scores were compared against clinical diagnoses (gold standard). Furthermore, all the subjects of the study were administered the following: Dissociation Experiences Scale (DES), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Results. 38 patients (29.2 %) had depersonalization symptoms. The scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.9 and split-half reliability > 0.8) and a test-retest reliability of 0.391. Convergent validity was 0.65 (p < 0.001) and discriminant validity was 0.308 (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.94. A cut-off of 71 appears to be most useful (sensitivity and specificity were 76.3 % and 89.1 %, respectively). Conclusion. The Spanish version of the CDS has good reliability and validity, similar to the original instrument