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1.
Rev Neurol ; 38(7): 619-24, 2004.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15098181

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Vasculitis are characterised by the inflammatory infiltrate, chiefly of mononuclear cells, in the walls of the blood vessels, which can lead to occlusion with necrosis and the subsequent infarction of the affected tissue. AIMS: The Objective of this study was to determine the clinical, anatomicopathological and neurophysiological aspects of vasculitic neuropathies in infancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Each patient was submitted to the following tests: a complete hemogram, systemic lupus erythematosus cells (LE cells), lupus anticoagulant, antinuclear antibodies, neutrophil anticytoplasmic antibodies, venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, liver transaminases, serological testing for hepatitis C, B and A, cytochemical study of the cerebrospinal fluid, study of motor and sensory conduction, electromyography and nuclear magnetic resonance, when required; a biopsy of the sural nerve was performed, which was replaced by a necropsy if the patient died. RESULTS: 15 patients from a total of 25 who were studied had vasculitic neuropathies; the most usual presentation was multiple mononeuropathy; aetiologies found included microscopic polyangiitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, JRA, overlap syndrome and several undetermined vasculitis. Of the patients who were submitted to a biopsy, 75% showed signs of vasculitis, which affected the small and medium sized vessels in 62.5% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of neuropathy in association with symptoms and signs of systemic involvement suggested the possibility of a neuropathy in the course of a vasculitis. The examination of biopsy specimens of the sural nerve is useful for the diagnosis and classification of the aetiology of vasculitis. Response to treatment with immunosuppressant drugs was good, both in the case of the neuropathy and of the underlying disease.


Subject(s)
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Vasculitis/complications , Adolescent , Autoimmune Diseases/complications , Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy , Biopsy , Child , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Cuba/epidemiology , Demyelinating Diseases/epidemiology , Demyelinating Diseases/etiology , Female , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Infant , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy , Male , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/drug therapy , Sural Nerve/pathology , Vasculitis/drug therapy , Vasculitis/immunology
2.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 38(7): 619-624, 1 abr., 2004.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-31459

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Las vasculitis se caracterizan por el infiltrado inflamatorio, predominantemente de células mononucleares, de la pared de los vasos sanguíneos, que pueden llevar a la oclusión con necrosis y el consiguiente infarto del tejido afectado. Objetivo. Conocer los aspectos clínicos, anatomopatológicos y neurofisiológicos de las neuropatías vasculíticas en la infancia. Pacientes y métodos. A cada paciente se le realizó: hemograma completo, células del lupus eritematoso sistémico, anticoagulante lúpico, anticuerpos antinucleares, anticuerpos anticitoplasmáticos de neutrófilos, prueba de laboratorio para la investigación de enfermedades venéreas, velocidad de sedimentación globular, transaminasas hepáticas, serología para hepatitis C, B y A, estudio citoquímico del líquido cefalorraquídeo, estudio de la conducción motora y sensitiva, electromiografía y resonancia magnética nuclear, cuando fue necesario; se realizó una biopsia del nervio sural y una necropsia, si el paciente falleció. Resultados. 15 pacientes de un total de 25 estudiados tenían neuropatías vasculíticas; la presentación más usual fue la mononeuropatía múltiple; dentro de las etiologías se encontraron poliangitis microscópica, lupus eritematoso sistémico, artritis reumatoide juvenil, síndrome de solapamiento y vasculitis indeterminadas. De los pacientes biopsiados, el 75 por ciento mostraba signos de vasculitis, que afectaban a los vasos medianos y pequeños en el 62,5 por ciento de los pacientes. Conclusiones. La presencia de neuropatía en asociación con síntomas y signos de afectación sistémica nos orientó hacia la posibilidad de la existencia de neuropatía en el curso de una vasculitis. La biopsia del nervio sural es útil para el diagnóstico y la clasificación de la etiología de la vasculitis. Existió una buena respuesta al tratamiento, tanto de la neuropatía como de la enfermedad de base, con inmunosupresores (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Adolescent , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Vasculitis , Sural Nerve , Rheumatic Diseases , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases , Biopsy , Demyelinating Diseases , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Immunosuppressive Agents , Cuba , Cohort Studies , Autoimmune Diseases
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