Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Students, Medical , Dermatology/education , Attitude , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Internship and ResidencySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Students, Medical , Dermatology/education , Attitude , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Internship and ResidencyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The anthropometric development in the first two years of life can be influenced by diverse factors, being analyzed in this study the implication of the primary tooth eruption and the breast feeding duration in this development. METHODS: Longitudinal study. 141 healthy children participated (67 boys and 74 girls), being analyzed the association among the duration of breast feeding, the number of teeth present at the 6, 7, 9 and 12 months, the anthropometrics parameters weight, height and body mass index (BMI) to the birth, 1-7, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 24 months and the growth rate. RESULTS: The weight and height at the birth or the duration of breast feeding didn't associate significantly with the weight and height at the 2 years or the number of teeth at 6,7,9 or 12 months, but the women with more weight (r = 0,366) and height (r = 0,377) at month of life have a bigger number of teeth at 9 months (p = 0,001). In both sexes, the number of teeth at the 9 months are associated significantly with the weight (boys r = 0,328, p = 0,01; girls r = 0,307, p = 0,011) and height (r = 0,352 boys and girls p = 0,005) at two years. CONCLUSIONS: In healthy children the duration of maternal nursing doesn't influence in the degree of anthropometric development reached at 2 years, but yes makes it the number of teeth present at 9 months, result that suggests that the eruption dental early could suppose an evolutive advantage.
Subject(s)
Body Size , Body Weight , Breast Feeding , Child Development/physiology , Tooth Eruption/physiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Time FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The difficulties which exist in order to value correctly the morbimortality caused by influenza during the childhood and the limitations of the proper vaccine make that the use of this vaccination is still limited in this phase. The objective of the present study is to value the adverse reactions associated to the influenza immunization in children. METHODS: Prospective study, carried out in the campaigns 92/93, 93/94 97/98 on 105 children of Navalcarnero with split-virion influenza vaccine with vaccinal strains recommended by the OMS. All the doses are administered by a nurse who also carries out the postimmunization-controls after 72 hours. The adverse reactions are valued, like the zone of injection, sex, age, the previous vaccination and the collection of data by telephone or in consultation. RESULTS: Of global form (318 doses), on a local level appears a reaction of 10.7%, in form of erythema (8.5%), induration (7.9%) and pain (only 97/98, 13.9%) and on a systemic level appears a reaction of 11.9%, in form of rhinorrhea (3.1%), general discomfort (2.5%), fever (2.5%), muscular pains (1.6%) and cough (1.6%). In a 89.5% the systemic effects disappear during the first 48 hours. In no case medical consultation was precised. CONCLUSIONS: The vaccine is safe. The adverse reactions that may appear are scarce, slight and well tolerated. There do not exist significant differences in terms of age, sex, the previous vaccination or the collection of the results by telephone or in consultation. The gluteus presents greater local reactogenicity that the deltoidal zone.
Subject(s)
Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Age Factors , Child , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Immunization Schedule , Influenza Vaccines/adverse effects , Male , Spain , VaccinationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A healthy diet and adequate personal hygiene are essential factors for good health. Adolescents gradually achieve a degree of autonomy in these areas. The aim of the study is to find out the diet and hygiene habits of adolescents in Navalcarnero, a rural town in the Autonomous Region of Madrid (Spain). METHODS: A descriptive study of a cross section of the relevant population, by previously validated, self-completed and anonymous questionnaire, filled in by adolescents (3 degrees BUP/ESO/FP) in by 13- and 14-year old school children (EGB.) The diet survey assessed the weekly consumption frequency of different foodstuffs. RESULTS: The respondents normally had milk and cocoa for breakfast, with toast or a bun. Lunch was more abundant than the evening meal, and more fruit was consumed more often in the former. Most of the children drank milk every day, usually in its natural state, but in two out of three cases, the consumption of dairy products was not as recommended, vegetable consumption was low. Among the children of BUP/ESO/FP, the girls consumed greens, salad, fruit and sliced bread more often, this difference being particularly marked in the case of the bread, and the boys consumed considerably more meat and bread of the French-stick kind. With respect to personal hygiene, most of them have a shower and wash their hair every two or three days and brush their teeth and change their underwear on a daily basis; the girls proved to be much more assiduous in having a shower, brushing their teeth and changing their underwear. CONCLUSIONS: In some areas, behaviour as regards diet and hygiene shows differences depending on the sex of the individual, certain habits ought to be improved upon.
