Review on Sustainable Development Goals in maritime transportation: current research trends, applications, and future research opportunities.

United Nations (UN) introduced Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to create comprehensive agenda for achieving economic, social, and environmental sustainability in the world. In 2015, the UN released 17 SDGs specifying 169 targets to achieve this important aim. It is vital to adapt these goals to provide a livable environment for the next generations. One of the most important stakeholders in contributing to global sustainability is the maritime industry. This article aimed to connect each of the reviewed papers to the SDGs while also presenting a comprehensive view of SDGs in maritime transportation. Therefore, this paper has novelty to reveal the gaps related to the goals achievement of sustainable development. This study, it was conducted a comprehensive literature review of 67 peer-reviewed studies in the Scopus database regarding the achievement of SDGs in maritime transportation. With this direction, four separate clusters were created by utilizing the VOSviewer software program with a bibliographic coupling method. From this point of view, it was identified scholars' most recent intentions, applications, and suggestions in the existing literature. Finally, gaps in the current literature revealed, potential theoretical and practical implications suggested, and recommendations to researchers for further studies were given to make contributions for achieving SDGs.

Resilience Strategies of Ports against Covid-19 in Terms of Chaos Theory.

During the Covid-19 pandemic, all sectors experienced chaotic dynamics worldwide. For example, maritime transport, particularly ports as one of its main elements, had to continue operating in this chaotic environment. Ports developed their own strategies to provide resilience against these challenges. However, any study in the related literature has not been reached that reveals resilience strategies of ports by combining literature review and interviews with port practitioners. As a novelty of the study, it was tried to evaluate resilience strategies of ports by grounding chaos theory. Therefore, this study had two aims: (1) identifying the Covid-19 strategies of Turkish container ports; (2) prioritizing these strategies in terms of impact level. First, interviews were conducted with Turkish container port representatives to find out their resilience strategies. These strategies were then validated with a literature review and new ones were detected. Second, separate relation analyses of the strategies were conducted for the interviews and literature. Finally, ports' resilience strategies against Covid-19 disruptions were prioritized using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on the port managers' evaluations. Fuzzy AHP is widely used and accepted in the maritime business literature. This method also diminishes inconsistencies and subjective evaluations by employing fuzzy logic. The results showed that 'Control Mechanism', 'Hygienic Measures', and 'Information Exchange' were the most effective resilience strategies. By using chaos theory, this study helped to theoretically clarify the role of port management approaches to the challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic. These findings can therefore guide container port practitioners in overcoming pandemic conditions.