Asociación de placa ateroesclerótica y prediabetes: Estudio observacional con apareamiento por puntaje de propensión / Association of atherosclerotic plaque and prediabetes: Observational study with propensity score matching

Introducción: Los sujetos con prediabetes, definida como glucemia alterada en ayunas (IFG), tienen un riesgo cardiovascular aumentado. El objetivo principal del estudio es establecer si la prediabetes se asocia con la presencia de placa ateroesclerótica subclínica (pATS) en forma independiente de la edad, el sexo, la hipertensión arterial y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional apareado por puntaje de propensión (PSM). Se incluyeron 481 sujetos con prediabetes (según los criterios de la Asociación Americana de Diabetes [ADA]) y 481 controles apareados por edad, sexo e hipertensión arterial. Se excluyeron sujetos con enfermedad coronaria y/o vascular periférica y/o diabetes. La pATS fue definida como la presencia de placa detectada por ecografía doppler carotídea. Resultados: La prevalencia de pATS fue del 34,7% en los sujetos prediabéticos comparado con el 28,8% en los controles. El odds ratio (OR) ajustado tras realizar el control por edad, sexo, hipertensión arterial y c-HDL fue de 1,29 (IC 95%: 1,12-1,48; p<0,001). La prevalencia de pATS fue del 42,3% en los sujetos prediabéticos hipertensos comparada con el 32,9% en los controles (OR: 1,49; IC 95%: 1,05-2,12; p: 0,02). También observamos mayor pATS (18,7%) en los sujetos más jóvenes (≤55 años) comparada con los controles (11,1%) de igual edad (OR: 1,83; IC 95%: 1,05-3,2; p: 0,03). Conclusiones: Los sujetos con prediabetes se asociaron con mayor prevalencia de pATS. La posibilidad (odds) de presentar ateroesclerosis subclínica fue del 29% mayor en los sujetos con prediabetes tras ajustar por edad, sexo, hipertensión arterial y c-HDL. (AU)

Introduction: Subjects with prediabetes, defined as impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG), have an increased cardiovascular risk. The main objective of the study is to establish whether prediabetes is associated with the presence of subclinical atherosclerotic plaque (pATS) regardless of age, sex, arterial hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factores. Material and methods: Observational study with propensity score matching (PSM). We included 481 subjects with prediabetes (according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association) and 481 controls matched for age, sex, and hypertension. Subjects with coronary artery disease and/or peripheral vascular disease and/or diabetes were excluded. pATS was defined as the presence of plaque detected by carotid doppler ultrasound. Results: The prevalence of pATS was 34.7% in prediabetic subjects compared to 28.8% in controls. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) after controlling for age, sex, hypertension, and HDL-c was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.12-1.48; P<.001). The prevalence of pATS was 42.3% in hypertensive prediabetic subjects compared to 32.9% in controls (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.05-2.12; P: .02). We also observed higher pATS (18.7%) in younger subjects (≤55 years) compared to controls (11.1%) of the same age (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.05-3.2; P: .03). Conclusion: Subjects with prediabetes were associated with a higher prevalence of pATS. The possibility (odds) of presenting subclinical atherosclerosis was 29% higher in subjects with prediabetes after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension and HDL-c. (AU)

Association of atherosclerotic plaque and prediabetes. Observational study with propensity score matching. / Asociación de placa ateroesclerótica y prediabetes. Estudio observacional con apareamiento por puntaje de propensión.

INTRODUCTION: Subjects with prediabetes, defined as impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG), have an increased cardiovascular risk. The main objective of the study is to establish whether prediabetes is associated with the presence of subclinical atherosclerotic plaque (pATS) regardless of age, sex, arterial hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factores. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational study with propensity score matching (PSM). We included 481 subjects with prediabetes (according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association) and 481 controls matched for age, sex, and hypertension. Subjects with coronary artery disease and/or peripheral vascular disease and/or diabetes were excluded. pATS was defined as the presence of plaque detected by carotid doppler ultrasound. RESULTS: The prevalence of pATS was 34.7% in prediabetic subjects compared to 28.8% in controls. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) after controlling for age, sex, hypertension, and HDL-c was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.12-1.48; P<.001). The prevalence of pATS was 42.3% in hypertensive prediabetic subjects compared to 32.9% in controls (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.05-2.12; P: .02). We also observed higher pATS (18.7%) in younger subjects (≤55 years) compared to controls (11.1%) of the same age (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.05-3.2; P: .03). CONCLUSION: Subjects with prediabetes were associated with a higher prevalence of pATS. The possibility (odds) of presenting subclinical atherosclerosis was 29% higher in subjects with prediabetes after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension and HDL-c.