Prevalidación de un test de equilibrio en tiro olímpico sin armas / Prevalidation of body sway shooting test without the use of weapons

El principal objetivo de este estudio es realizar un estudio previo a la validación de un test de medición del equilibrio en tiro olímpico sin el uso de la pistola. Para ello, se han comparado los resultados del análisis del movimiento del centro de presiones (CP) de dos pruebas de equilibrio estático: en la primera prueba se usó una mancuerna para simular la acción de disparo, mientras que en la segunda se usó la pistola. Se encontró una fuerte correlación entre los dos test en todas las variables del CP y una correlación lineal inversa entre el peso corporal y los movimientos del CP. No se encontró relación alguna entre los movimientos del CP y el rendimiento deportivo. El estudio concluye que el test con mancuerna puede ser válido para la medición del equilibrio específico en tiro olímpico y se recomienda profundizar en el estudio con una muestra de mayor tamaño (AU)

The main objective of the present work is the pre-validation of a test able to provide reliable body sway measurements in Olympic shooting, without the use of a pistol. For this reason the results of the analysis of the body sway data of two static bipodal balance tests have been compared: during the first a dumbbell was used to simulate shooting, while for the second test a pistol was used. A strong correlation between the two tests regarding all variables was found. A statistically significant inverse linear correlation was also found between body weight and the movements of the COP (centre of pressure). No statistically significant relations were found between the movements of the COP and performance. The study concludes that dumbbell tests could be perfectly reliable for measuring specific body sway on Olympic shooting. Future studies on the validation of the same test with larger sample size are recommended (AU)

Anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the prevalence of anorectal dysfunction (ARD) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and its relationship with MS clinical characteristics. METHODS: Prospective transversal study in 193 patients with MS. All patients fulfilled a protocol that included: demographic variables, clinical characteristics of MS and the presence of ARD and urinary dysfunction (UD). RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-three patients: 66.8% women, an average age of 42.8 (12.1) years; 67.8% of patients had relapsing remitting MS, 21.2% a secondary progressive and 10.9% a primary progressive form. The average duration of MS was 10.7 (9.4) years and the EDSS 2.8 (2.3). ARD was present in 93 patients (48.2%), and UD in 50.2%. ARD associated to UD was present in 35.7% of cases. The univariate study revealed that patients with ARD were older (P <0.001), had greater disability (P <0.0001), longer disease duration (P <0.001) and a greater association with UD (P<0.0001). ARD was more frequent in progressive forms (P<0.0001). The logistic regression analysis showed that female sex (P = 0.015), EDSS (P = 0.002) and UD (P = 0.003) were independent factors related to ARD. CONCLUSION: ARD is a highly prevalent disorder in MS. Female sex, EDSS and UD are independent predictors of ARD development.

Sordera bilateral brusca como primera manifestación de una carcinomatosis meníngea / Sudden bilateral deafness as first manifestation of meningeal carcinomatosis

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Understanding CPR architecture: an HIM professional's guide.

The continued evolution of the CPR offers numerous career opportunities for HIM professionals. But a knowledge and understanding of the fundamental concepts is critical for those who would take advantage of these opportunities. The authors offer an overview of the differences and interaction between the CPR component parts, the basic clinical and business functions they support, and the technology used to implement the CPR.

Career trends in health information management: a look toward 2006, Part I.

The transformation taking place in health information management is causing a shift in the role of HIM professionals. This article examines the influence this shift has had on current trends in the workforce and what it means to HIM professionals.

Lactation and salt loading similarly alter neuropeptide Y, but differentially alter somatostatin, in separate sets of rat neural lobe axons.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and somatostatin immunoreactivities are present in neural lobe axons of the rat pituitary. Both peptides are upregulated during lactation, because NPY gene expression increases in the hypothalamus and plasma concentrations of somatostatin are elevated. However, the effects of lactation on NPY and somatostatin in the neural lobe are unknown. Although NPY immunoreactivity increases in the neural lobe following salt loading of male rats, the somatostatin response is unknown. To answer these questions, NPY and somatostatin immunoreactivities in the neural lobe were examined during lactation and salt loading using immunohistochemistry and image analysis. On day 2 of lactation, the area covered by immunoreactivity, a combined measurement of axon density and size of axonal swellings, of both NPY and somatostatin increased compared to ovariectomized rats. The increase in NPY was four- to fivefold greater than that of somatostatin. By day 10 of lactation, values returned to those of ovariectomized rats. Following 10 days of salt loading, the area covered by NPY immunoreactivity increased approximately 10-fold over control male rats, whereas somatostatin remained unchanged. NPY and somatostatin were not colocalized in neural lobe axons in either paradigm, demonstrating that two different neuronal populations were involved in both cases. These data indicate that NPY and somatostatin were regulated similarly during lactation, but differentially following salt loading.

Characterization of the light-responsive promoter of rice chloroplast psbD-C operon and the sequence-specific DNA binding factor.

The transcription of rice plastid psbD-psbC genes encoding photosystem II reaction center protein D2 and chlorophyll alpha-binding protein CP43 is closely regulated by light. To elucidate the sequence requirement for the light-responsive promoter of psbD-psbC operon, transcriptional analysis of the rice promoter was performed with deleted mutants and site-directed mutants in vitro. Deletion of -546 approximately -100 upstream sequences resulted in 4- to 5-fold decrease in the transcription rate. Further deletion of -99 approximately -40 conserved region of repeated sequences resulted in 2-fold decrease in the transcription rate. The core light-responsive promoter requires "-10" element but not "-35" element for accurate initiation of basal transcription. No downstream promoter element was found in the +4 approximately +111 region. The competitive gel-retardation experiments revealed the presence of DNA-binding protein in the rice chloroplasts, which interacts specifically with the -60 approximately -37 repeated sequences. Southwestern blot analysis further demonstrated that the binding factor is composed of 36-kDa polypeptide(s).