ABSTRACT
Many of the disease syndromes challenging the commercial swine industry involve the analysis of complex problems caused by polymicrobial, emerging or reemerging, and transboundary pathogens. This study investigated the utility of the Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California), designed to detect 8,101 species of microbes, in the evaluation of known and unknown microbes in serum, oral fluid, and tonsil from pigs experimentally coinfected with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2). The array easily identified PRRSV and PCV-2, but at decreased sensitivities compared to standard polymerase chain reaction detection methods. The oral fluid sample was the most informative, possessing additional signatures for several swine-associated bacteria, including Streptococcus sp., Clostridium sp., and Staphylococcus sp.
Subject(s)
Circoviridae Infections/diagnosis , Circovirus/isolation & purification , Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/diagnosis , Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/isolation & purification , Animals , California , Circoviridae Infections/blood , Circoviridae Infections/virology , Circovirus/genetics , Coinfection , Female , Male , Palatine Tonsil/microbiology , Palatine Tonsil/virology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/blood , Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/virology , Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics , Predictive Value of Tests , Saliva/microbiology , Saliva/virology , Swine , Swine Diseases/blood , Swine Diseases/diagnosis , Swine Diseases/microbiology , Swine Diseases/virologyABSTRACT
Assessment of virus neutralization (VN) activity in 176 pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) identified one pig with broadly neutralizing activity. A Tyr-10 deletion in the matrix protein provided escape from broad neutralization without affecting homologous neutralizing activity. The role of the Tyr-10 deletion was confirmed through an infectious clone with a Tyr-10 deletion. The results demonstrate differences in the properties and specificities of VN responses elicited during PRRSV infection.
