ABSTRACT
Female rats, maintained on 20 ml water per day, were treated with either 0, 2 or 5 mg/kg/day d-amphetamine sulfate mixed with their drinking water. Treatment was started 30 days prior to mating and continued to parturition of litters. Differences in weight gain during pregnancy were noted for the drug treated mothers, with the differences disappearing after drug treatment was stopped. Turnover latencies at 1 and 3 days of age, eye opening, and vaginal opening were delayed in the offspring of drug treated females. Drugged animals were slower than controls in a behavioral test of bridge crossing at 14 days postpartum. No differences in open field activity were noted.
Subject(s)
Dextroamphetamine/adverse effects , Motor Activity/drug effects , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects , Animals , Body Weight/drug effects , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
Pregnant mice were treated with naloxone via subcutaneous implants, from about 5 days prior to parturition. At birth entire litters were cross-fostered so that groups of offspring were exposed to naloxone treated mothers; before birth, after birth to weaning, from about 5 days prior to birth to weaning, or not exposed to naloxone. When tested on a hot-plate at 50 days of age, females either prenatally treated or treated pre- and postnatally showed hyperalgesia to heat. For males, this effect was not evident. This sex difference may have been induced by the cross-fostering procedure.
Subject(s)
Hyperalgesia/chemically induced , Hyperesthesia/chemically induced , Naloxone/pharmacology , Aging , Animals , Body Weight/drug effects , Female , Male , Mice , Reaction Time/drug effects , Sex Factors , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Adrenal Glands/anatomy & histology , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/antagonists & inhibitors , Naloxone/pharmacology , Reproduction/drug effects , Sexual Maturation/drug effects , Animals , Body Weight/drug effects , Estrus/drug effects , Female , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Mice , Organ Size/drug effects , Ovary/anatomy & histology , Pregnancy , Spleen/anatomy & histology , Thymus Gland/anatomy & histology , Uterus/anatomy & histologySubject(s)
Pheromones/urine , Pregnancy, Animal/drug effects , Animals , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Female , Male , Methylene Chloride , Mice , Mice, Inbred DBA , Pheromones/pharmacology , Pregnancy , Solubility , Time Factors , WaterABSTRACT
The behavioral correlates of vitamin A and B 6 dietary deficiency in young adult rats (Experiment 1) and middle-aged, retired breeder rats (Experiment 2) were examined. Male and female rats received either vitamin A deficient, vitamin B6 deficient, or normal control diets for two and a half months. Body weight, eating, and drinking of water and adulterated fluids were monitored. Pyridoxine deficiency generally had greater effects on consummatory behavior and weight gain than vitamin A deficiency, but this effect was influenced by the rats' age and sex. Wheel running, (Experiment 1), increased above control levels in both the vitamin delete groups. Vitamin A and B 6 deplete diets may affect behavior before an animal displays classical physical signs. Furthermore, such behavioral changes are not restricted to young, rapidly growing male rats; instead, their character is influenced by both the sex and age of the animal.
