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J Vet Pharmacol Ther ; 40(1): 88-91, 2017 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27292121

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of single- and multi-dose ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) administered subcutaneously at a dose of 13.2 mg/kg to 12 neonatal foals 1-3 days of age. Six foals received a single subcutaneous dose, while 6 additional foals received 4 doses of CCFA at 48-h intervals. Blood samples were collected at pre-determined times following drug administration, and plasma concentrations of ceftiofur free acid equivalents (CFAE) were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Following single-dose administration of CCFA, the mean ± standard deviation maximum observed plasma concentration was 3.1 ± 0.6 µg/mL and observed time to maximal plasma concentration was 14.0 ± 4.9 h. Following multi-dose administration of CCFA, the mean ±standard deviation times above CFAE concentrations of ≥0.5 µg/mL and ≥2.0 µg/mL were 192.95 ± 15.86 h and 78.80 ± 15.31 h, respectively. The mean ± standard deviation area under the concentration vs time curve (AUC0→∝ ) was 246.2 ± 30.7 h × µg/mL and 172.7 ± 27.14 h × µg/mL following single- and multi-dose CCFA administrations, respectively. Subcutaneous administration of CCFA at 13.2 mg/kg in neonatal foals was clinically well- tolerated and resulted in plasma concentrations sufficient for the treatment of most bacterial pathogens associated with neonatal foal septicemia. Multi-dose administration of four doses at dosing interval of 48 h between treatments maintains appropriate therapeutic concentrations in neonatal foals.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Cephalosporins/pharmacokinetics , Animals , Animals, Newborn/metabolism , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/blood , Cephalosporins/administration & dosage , Cephalosporins/blood , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/veterinary , Delayed-Action Preparations , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Horses/metabolism , Injections, Subcutaneous/veterinary , Male
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