ABSTRACT
Central venous catheter-related infection is the most common complication in patients on hemodialysis. Nursing care is essential for its maintenance, minimizing risk factors, and avoiding complications, such as bacteremia. A systematic review was conducted to identify the influence of nursing care on the prevention of bacteremia due to hemodialysis catheter. The primary endpoint was the bacteremia rate measured as number of events per 1000 catheter days. The rate of bacteremia in the studies ranged from 0.2 to 5.47 events per 1000 catheter days after the application of nursing care. Several studies have shown a significant reduction in central venous catheter bacteremia with the application of management protocols, appropriate vigilance, and monitoring, as well as the inclusion of the Plan Do Check Act cycle and education.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia , Catheter-Related Infections , Catheterization, Central Venous , Central Venous Catheters , Humans , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheters, Indwelling/adverse effects , Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Bacteremia/etiology , Bacteremia/prevention & control , Catheter-Related Infections/etiologyABSTRACT
This study aimed to validate the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Student Stress Questionnaire (CSSQ), a 7-item tool assessing COVID-19-related stressors among university students, namely, Relationships and Academic Life, Isolation, and Fear of Contagion. Participants were 331 Spanish university students. Factor analyses sustained the three factor solution of the original tool. Data also revealed satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity, suitable internal consistency, and significant associations with psychological symptoms, as measured by the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. The Spanish version of the CSSQ represents a valid tool to be used in clinical settings to timely identify students at high psychological risk and to develop evidence-based interventions during/after the pandemic.
