Corrigendum to "Comparison of Purgative Manna Drop and Phototherapy with Phototherapy Treatment of Neonatal Jaundice: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial" [Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2019;10(3):152-7].

[This corrects the article on p. 152 in vol. 10, PMID: 31263664.].

Comparison of Purgative Manna Drop and Phototherapy with Phototherapy Treatment of Neonatal Jaundice: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVES: Herbal remedies such as purgative manna are used to treat neonatal jaundice. In this study Bilineaster drop (purgative manna) and phototherapy, and phototherapy treatment alone were compared by assessing phototherapy duration and number of days in hospital. METHODS: There were 150 consecutive term neonates with jaundice, weighting from 2,500 g to 4,000 g enrolled in this randomized double blind clinical trial. The neonates were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The control patients received only phototherapy and the intervention group underwent phototherapy treatment and purgative manna drop (5 drops per kg of body weight, 3 times a day). Direct and total measurements of bilirubin concentration in the serum were measured and the reduction in concentration of bilirubin was calculated. RESULTS: There were 28% of patients whose hospital duration following phototherapy was 2 days, for Bilineaster and phototherapy treatment this was 49.3% of patients. At 48 hours and 72 hours the reduction in the concentration of total bilirubin in the serum was statistically significantly different across groups (p < 0.05) but at 24 hours and 96 hours there were no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). The reduction in direct bilirubin concentration in the serum was significantly different between groups at 72 hours and 96 hours (p > 0.001). CONCLUSION: Purgative manna and phototherapy, can statistically significantly reduce total bilirubin concentration at 48 hours and 72 hours compared with phototherapy alone, and reduce the length of hospital stay for jaundiced neonates at 2 days compared with phototherapy treatment.

Effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on diabetes induced memory deficits in rats.

The main objective of current work was to determine the effects of low and high dose supplementation with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on spatial learning and memory in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Male Wistar rats (weighing 220 ± 10) were randomly divided into six groups: (i) Control (Con, n = 8); (ii) Control+ Low dose of CoQ10 (100 mg/kg) (CLD, n = 10); (iii) Control+ high dose of CoQ10 (600 mg/kg) (CHD, n = 10); (iv) Diabetic (D, n = 10); (v) Diabetic + Low dose of CoQ10 (100 mg/kg) (DLD, n = 10); (vi) Diabetic + high dose of CoQ10 (600 mg/kg) (DHD, n = 10). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg STZ. CoQ10 was administered intragastrically by gavage once a day for 90 days. After 90 days, Morris water maze (MWM) task was used to evaluate the spatial learning and memory in rats. Diabetic animals showed a slower rate of acquisition with respect to the control animals [F (1, 51) = 92.81, P < 0.0001, two-way ANOVA]. High dose (but no low dose) supplementation with CoQ10 could attenuate deteriorative effect of diabetes on memory acquisition. Diabetic animals which received CoQ10 (600 mg/kg) show a considerable decrease in escape latency and traveled distance compared to diabetic animals (p < 0.05, two-way ANOVA,). The present study has shown that low dose supplementation with CoQ10 in diabetic rats failed to improve deficits in cognitive function but high dose supplementation with CoQ10 reversed diabetes-related declines in spatial learning.

Influence of Chronic Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Learning, and Memory in Healthy and Diabetic Middle-Aged Rats.

Diabetes mellitus can induce impairment in learning and memory. Cognitive and memory deficits are common in older adults and especially in those with diabetes. This is mainly because of hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and vascular abnormalities. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) can decrease oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and inflammatory markers, and improve vascular function. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effects of CoQ10 on cognitive function, learning, and memory in middle-aged healthy and diabetic rats. Adult middle-aged male Wistar rats (390-460 g, 12-13 months old) were divided into 6 experimental groups. Diabetes was induced by a single i.p. injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). CoQ10 (20 or 120 mg/kg, orally by gavage) was administered for 45 days. The cognitive function and learning memory of rats were evaluated using novel object recognition (NOR) and passive avoidance tests. The discrimination index of the NOR test in the diabetic groups receiving CoQ10 (20 or 120 mg/kg) and the healthy group receiving CoQ10 (120 mg/kg) was significantly higher than that in the control group. In addition, the step through latency was significantly longer and the time spent in the dark compartment was significantly shorter in the diabetic groups receiving CoQ10 than in the control group. CoQ10 supplementation can improve learning and memory deficits induced by diabetes in older subjects. In addition, CoQ10 at higher doses can improve cognitive performance in older healthy subjects.