ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a patient infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who acutely developed a hypokinetic-rigid syndrome. METHODS: Patient data were obtained from medical records from the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre in Madrid, Spain. [123I]-ioflupane dopamine transporter (DaT) SPECT images were acquired 4 hours after a single dose of 185 MBq of 123I-FP-CIT. Quantitative analysis was performed with DaTQUANT software providing the specific binding ratio and z score values of the striatum. RESULTS: We report a previously healthy 58-year-old man who developed hyposmia, generalized myoclonus, fluctuating and transient changes in level of consciousness, opsoclonus, and an asymmetric hypokinetic-rigid syndrome with ocular abnormalities after a severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. DaT-SPECT confirmed a bilateral decrease in presynaptic dopamine uptake asymmetrically involving both putamina. Significant improvement in the parkinsonian symptoms was observed without any specific treatment. CONCLUSION: This case study provides clinical and functional neuroimaging evidence to support that SARS-CoV-2 can gain access to the CNS, affecting midbrain structures and leading to neurologic signs and symptoms.
Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic/physiopathology , Pneumonia, Viral/physiopathology , Putamen/diagnostic imaging , Betacoronavirus , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Brain/metabolism , COVID-19 , Consciousness Disorders , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/diagnostic imaging , Disease Progression , Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism , Electroencephalography , Humans , Hypokinesia/diagnostic imaging , Hypokinesia/etiology , Hypokinesia/physiopathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle Rigidity/diagnostic imaging , Muscle Rigidity/etiology , Muscle Rigidity/physiopathology , Nortropanes , Ocular Motility Disorders , Pandemics , Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic/diagnostic imaging , Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic/etiology , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnostic imaging , Putamen/metabolism , SARS-CoV-2 , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-PhotonABSTRACT
Physical exercise has positive effects on cognition, but very little is known about the inheritance of these effects to sedentary offspring and the mechanisms involved. Here, we use a patrilineal design in mice to test the transmission of effects from the same father (before or after training) and from different fathers to compare sedentary- and runner-father progenies. Behavioral, stereological, and whole-genome sequence analyses reveal that paternal cognition improvement is inherited by the offspring, along with increased adult neurogenesis, greater mitochondrial citrate synthase activity, and modulation of the adult hippocampal gene expression profile. These results demonstrate the inheritance of exercise-induced cognition enhancement through the germline, pointing to paternal physical activity as a direct factor driving offspring's brain physiology and cognitive behavior.
