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1.
Clin Anat ; 37(1): 114-129, 2024 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37819143

ABSTRACT

Ventricular false tendons are fibromuscular structures that travel across the ventricular cavity. Left ventricular false tendons (LVFTs) have been examined through gross dissection and echocardiography. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the prevalence, morphology, and clinical importance of ventricular false tendons using a systematic review. In multiple studies, these structures have had a wide reported prevalence ranging from less than 1% to 100% of cases. This meta-analysis found the overall pooled prevalence of LVFTs to be 30.2%. Subgroup analysis indicated the prevalence to be 55.1% in cadaveric studies and 24.5% in living patients predominantly studied by echocardiography. Morphologically, left and right ventricular false tendons have been classified into several types based on their location and attachments. Studies have demonstrated false tendons have important clinical implications involving innocent murmurs, premature ventricular contractions, early repolarization, and impairment of systolic and diastolic function. Despite these potential complications, there is evidence demonstrating that the presence of false tendons can lead to positive clinical outcomes.


Subject(s)
Heart Defects, Congenital , Heart Ventricles , Humans , Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography , Clinical Relevance , Dissection
2.
J Clin Orthop Trauma ; 41: 102189, 2023 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37389103

ABSTRACT

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease globally. As obesity and age rates continue to rise in the U.S., the demand for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is expected to grow significantly by 2030. Advanced techniques such as robotic-assisted (RA-TKA) aim to address this growing concern and improve patient quality-of-life. Since utilization of RA-TKA increased from 2010 to 2018, it is important to compare RA-TKA to conventional TKA (C-TKA) performance. This study compares RA-TKA to C-TKA in patient-reported WOMAC scores and objective range of motion (ROM) scores in eligible short-term (one-year or less) and long-term (one-year to fifteen-years) postoperative follow-up studies. Methods: A systematic review using the PubMed database was performed to identify articles including RA-TKA, CA-TKA, C-TKA, WOMAC scores, and ROM scores. Results: Between RA-TKA and C-TKA, weighted analysis found significant effects in short-term (15.45, 95% CI: 4.96-25.94) and long-term (2.62, 95% CI: 0.62-4.61) WOMAC scores. Conclusion: As approximately 7-20% of C-TKA surgeries result in poor subjective outcomes, and with revision rates and the demand for TKA set to rise, our analysis suggests that patient quality-of-life and cost effectiveness may be significantly improved by RA-TKA over C-TKA.

3.
World Neurosurg ; 145: 455-461, 2021 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32889189

ABSTRACT

Corpus callosotomy, first used in the management of epilepsy by William P. van Wagenen in 1940, was for years a contentious procedure. Two decades later, Nobel Laureate Roger W. Sperry's split-brain studies inspired surgeons to reexamine the role of corpus callosotomy in the control of epileptic seizures. In 1962, Joseph Bogen and Philip Vogel performed complete corpus callosotomies in patients with a history of generalized seizures. The identification of a set of postsurgical disconnection symptoms and other neurologic deficits begged the improvement of the surgical technique. Modifications to the operation, including anterior callosotomy, posterior callosotomy, partial callosotomy, staged callosotomy, microsurgical techniques, and radiosurgical techniques, continue to refine the procedure.


Subject(s)
Corpus Callosum/surgery , Epilepsy/surgery , Hemispherectomy/history , Hemispherectomy/methods , History, 15th Century , History, 16th Century , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , History, Ancient , History, Medieval , Humans
4.
Anat Sci Int ; 93(2): 203-206, 2018 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28176269

ABSTRACT

When image guidance is not available or when there is a need to confirm the findings of such technology, superficial landmarks can still play a role in providing surgeons with estimations of the position of deeper anatomical structures. To our knowledge, surface landmarks for the position of the odontoid process have not been investigated. We have therefore performed an anatomical study to investigate such a landmark. One-centimeter metallic rods were placed on the philtrum of the upper lip of 20 cadaveric head specimens. To assess the position relative to the odontoid process, we took lateral and anteroposterior radiographs and recorded the measurements. Descriptive findings from radiographic observations indicated a reasonable approximation between the philtrum and the midpoint of the odontoid process. Based on our results, we suggest that the philtrum of the upper lip can serve as a first line estimation of the position of the odontoid process and can assist in verifying this bony structure following the use of image guidance.


Subject(s)
Cadaver , Odontoid Process/anatomy & histology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Lip , Male , Odontoid Process/diagnostic imaging , Radiography
5.
Neurosurg Rev ; 41(3): 733-735, 2018 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27709410

ABSTRACT

There is growing evidence that the nervous system influences spinal cord vasculature. However, most descriptions of the spinal cord have paid little attention to this important aspect. We reviewed the literature on the innervation of spinal cord vessels with an emphasis on findings that may be applicable to human medicine. Multiple neurotransmitters and competing theories have been implicated in the neural regulation of spinal cord blood vessels. Identifying valid mechanisms of pathogenesis could be beneficial to human patients with spinal cord lesions. We discuss the various findings on the neural mechanisms behind spinal cord blood flow. Further investigation is warranted due to the current emphasis on comparative animal studies without corresponding corroborative human findings.


Subject(s)
Blood Vessels/innervation , Spinal Cord/blood supply , Blood Vessels/anatomy & histology , Blood Vessels/pathology , Humans , Regional Blood Flow , Spinal Cord/anatomy & histology , Spinal Cord/pathology , Spinal Cord Diseases/pathology
6.
J Saudi Heart Assoc ; 29(4): 283-292, 2017 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28983172

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to survey the literature on Gerbode defect and provide an overview of its history, anatomy, development, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment options. The available literature on this topic, including case reports, was thoroughly reviewed. Gerbode defect is defined as abnormal shunting between the left ventricle and right atrium resulting from either a congenital defect or prior cardiac insults. The pathophysiology underlying the development of Gerbode defect is a disease process that injures the atrioventricular septum and leads to the abnormal shunting of blood. Although the most prevalent cause of Gerbode defect has historically been congenital, an increasing trend towards acquired cases has recently been reported owing to improved diagnostic capabilities and a greater number of invasive cardiac procedures. In conclusion, Gerbode defect is an increasingly recognized condition that warrants further study.

7.
Pediatr Neurosurg ; 52(2): 127-129, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28208152

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Recently, placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt via a transumbilical approach has been reported. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Herein, we report the repair of an umbilical hernia via the same incision and introduction of the distal end of a ventricultoperitoneal shunt into the peritoneal cavity in 3 patients. A case illustration is included. RESULTS: Both hernia repair and placement of the distal end of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt were uncomplicated in our small case series. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, simultaneous repair of an umbilical hernia followed by transumbilical shunt placement has not been reported. As umbilical hernias are so common in infants, this finding, based on our experience, should not exclude placement of peritoneal tubing in the same setting.


Subject(s)
Hernia, Umbilical/surgery , Peritoneal Cavity/surgery , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt/methods , Humans , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Infant , Laparoscopy
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