ABSTRACT
The advertisement calls are known for only eight species within the genus Brachycephalus. Herein, we describe the advertisement calls of B. olivaceus and B. quiririensis, both species from southern Atlantic Forest, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The advertisement calls of these species are similar, composed by one short and high-frequency note. The parameters range overlap between calls, as exemplified by the dominant frequency of 6.4-7.0 kHz in B. olivaceus and 6.2-6.5 kHz in B. quiririensis. Additionally, we provide a compilation of the available bioacoustic information for this genus.
Subject(s)
Anura , Animals , Brazil , Forests , Vocalization, AnimalABSTRACT
We describe a new species of Brachycephalus that is morphologically similar to the flea-toads B. didactylus, B. hermogenesi, and B. pulex. The new species occurs from the sea level up to 1000 m and it is widely distributed throughout southern Atlantic Forest. Brachycephalus sulfuratus sp. nov. is distinguished from all of its congeners by the combination of the following characters: (1) small body size (SVL of adults: 7.4-8.5 mm for males and 9.0-10.8 mm for females); (2) "leptodactyliform" body; (3) pectoral girdle arciferal and less robust compared to the Brachycephalus species with "bufoniform" body; (4) procoracoid and epicoracoid fused with coracoid but separated from the clavicle by a large fenestrae; (5) toe I externally absent; toes II, III, IV, and V distinct; phalanges of toes II and V reduced; (6) skin smooth with no dermal ossifications; (7) in life, general background color brown with small dark-brown spots; skin of throat, chest, arms, and forearms with irregular yellow blotches; in ventral view, cloacal region of alive and preserved specimens surrounded by a dark-brown inverted v-shaped mark outlined with white; (8) advertisement call long, composed of a set of 4-7 high-frequency notes (6.2-7.2 kHz) repeated regularly.
