Seroprevalence of ANTI-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with biologic and/or immunosuppressant drugs are at increased risk for opportunistic infections. Seroprevalence studies can confirm the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as the associated risk factors. This is a descriptive study which primary endpoints were to highlight the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a cohort of IBD patients in March 2021, and to analyze seroconversion in patients with known COVID-19 infection and its relationship with IBD treatments. Patients filled in a questionnaire about symptoms of COVID-19 infection and clinical information about their IBD. All included patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. 392 patients were included. Among patients with clinical infection, 69 patients (17,65%) were IgG-positive, 286 (73,15%) IgG-negative and 36 (9,21%) indeterminate. In relation to seroconversion among patients under biologic treatment, 13 patients of the 23 with a previous positive CRP developed antibodies (56.5%). However, when the influence of immunosuppressive treatment on the probability of developing antibodies was analyzed, no significant differences were seen between those patients with or without treatment (77.8% vs. 77.1%, p = 0.96). In our cohort of IBD patients, after one year of pandemic, there were 18.64% IgG positive patients, a higher prevalence than the general population (15.7%).

Toxocariasis in migrant children: A 6 years' experience in a reference pediatric unit in Spain.

BACKGROUND: Toxocariasis is a worldwide distributed zoonosis that affects characteristically children. Clinical presentation is highly variable, often asymptomatic, and treatment duration is controversial. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study (January 2014-December 2019) was performed in a referral Unit for Pediatric Tropical Diseases. Patients younger than 18 years of age diagnosed with toxocariasis were included. RESULTS: Out of 931 children screened for toxocariasis, 49 (5.3%) were seropositive. The median age was 11.0 years, 55.1% male and 30.6% referred contact with puppies. Overall, 34.7% were Latin-American, 24.5% Asiatic, 20.4% European, and 20.4% African. Only 34.7% presented symptoms, gastrointestinal the most common (52.9%). The 57.1% of children presented eosinophilia and 50% elevated total IgE. Most cases (95.9%) corresponded to covert toxocariasis. All children were treated with albendazole for 5, 14 or 21 days, and 4 children required a second course. Follow-up data were available in 32 children (65.3%) for a median of 7 months, showing a progressive decline in eosinophils, IgE-titers and ELISA optical density. CONCLUSION: Toxocariasis is mostly asymptomatic in children and eosinophilia is not always present. Serological tests should be included in migrant health screening and in the diagnostic assessment of eosinophilia. Eosinophil count, IgE-titers and ELISA optical-density could be useful during follow-up.

Réplica a «Estudio retrospectivo de 49 casos de infección aguda por parvovirus B19 en adultos» / Response to ‘‘Acute Parvovirus B19 Infection in Adults: A Retrospective Study of 49 Cases’’

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Estudio retrospectivo de 49 casos de infección aguda por parvovirus B19 en adultos / Acute Parvovirus B19 Infection in Adults: A Retrospective Study of 49 Cases

Objetivo: El objeto de nuestro trabajo es describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y analíticas de la infección aguda por parvovirus B19 en adultos. Material y métodos: Presentamos un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de todos los casos de infección aguda por parvovirus B19, en mayores de 18 años, durante el año 2012, en el Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid. Resultados: Cuarenta y nueve pacientes adultos con infección aguda por parvovirus B19. La mayoría ocurrieron en mujeres jóvenes en primavera y principios de verano. La lesión cutánea fue el signo fundamental para el diagnóstico en más del 50% de los casos. Se encontraron todo tipo de exantemas purpúricos más o menos generalizados, siendo relativamente frecuente la forma de vasculitis (> 18%). Las alteraciones en el hemograma y perfil hepático, leves o moderadas, se resolvieron espontáneamente, salvo en 2 pacientes inmunodeprimidos en quienes persistió una anemia crónica. Conclusiones: Es la serie más amplia de infección aguda por parvovirus B19 descrita, hasta la fecha, en la literatura. Ante exantemas purpúricos de cualquier distribución o lesiones de vasculitis, sobre todo si se acompanan de fiebre y artralgias y se presentan en mujeres jóvenes en primavera, debemos sospechar una infección aguda por parvovirus B19 y recomendar medidas para evitar el contagio a personas de riesgo (AU)

Objective: Our aim was to describe the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of acute parvovirus B19 infection in adults. Material and methods: This study describes all cases of acute parvovirus B19 infection in patients older than 18 years of age who were treated at Hospital Universitario La Paz in Madrid, Spain, in 2012. Results: Forty-nine adults were treated for acute parvovirus B19 infection. Most were young women who were infected in the spring or early summer. In over half the cases skin lesions were key diagnostic signs.We saw the full range of types of rash of purplish exanthems that were fairly generalized; vasculitis was relatively common (in > 18%). Mild or moderate abnormalities in blood counts and indicators of liver dysfunction resolved spontaneously in all but 2 immunocompromised patients, who developed chronic anemia. Conclusions: This is the largest case series of acute parvovirus B19 infection published to date. This infection should be suspected on observing signs of purplish skin rashes, no matter the location or pattern of distribution, or vasculitis, especially if accompanied by fever and joint pain in young women in the spring. Measures to avoid infection should be recommended to individuals at risk (AU)

Dengue importado: arbovirosis emergente en Espa˜na / Imported dengue: An emerging arbovirosis in Spain

El dengue es causado por uno de 4 serotipos del virus dengue. En España, solo se han comunicado casos importados. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes son fiebre y exantema, aunque puede haber formas graves, especialmente en infecciones secundarias. Presentamos a 5 niños con dengue no grave, infección primaria, diagnosticados por sospecha clínica y antecedente epidemiológico mediante inmunocromatografía y ELISA. Evolución favorable en todos los casos. Es importante considerar este diagnóstico en todo viajero internacional que presenta fiebre dentro de los 14 días tras volver de un área endémica, para un diagnóstico precoz, un adecuado tratamiento y un buen pronóstico

Dengue is caused by one of 4 serotypes of dengue virus. Only imported cases have been reported in Spain. The main clinical findings are fever and exanthema, although there may be severe forms, particularly in secondary infections. Five children with a primary, non severe dengue infection are presented. The diagnosis was based on clinical suspicion and epidemiological history, and confirmed by immunochromatography and ELISA tests. The outcome was favourable in all cases. It is important to consider this diagnosis in international travellers that present with fever within the 14 days of returning from an endemic area, in order to get an early diagnosis, adequate treatment and a good prognosis

Acute parvovirus B19 infection in adults: a retrospective study of 49 cases.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to describe the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of acute parvovirus B19 infection in adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study describes all cases of acute parvovirus B19 infection in patients older than 18 years of age who were treated at Hospital Universitario La Paz in Madrid, Spain, in 2012. RESULTS: Forty-nine adults were treated for acute parvovirus B19 infection. Most were young women who were infected in the spring or early summer. In over half the cases skin lesions were key diagnostic signs.We saw the full range of types of rash of purplish exanthems that were fairly generalized; vasculitis was relatively common (in >18%). Mild or moderate abnormalities in blood counts and indicators of liver dysfunction resolved spontaneously in all but 2 immunocompromised patients, who developed chronic anemia. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest case series of acute parvovirus B19 infection published to date. This infection should be suspected on observing signs of purplish skin rashes, no matter the location or pattern of distribution, or vasculitis, especially if accompanied by fever and joint pain in young women in the spring. Measures to avoid infection should be recommended to individuals at risk.

[Imported dengue: an emerging arbovirosis in Spain]. / Dengue importado: arbovirosis emergente en España.

Dengue is caused by one of 4 serotypes of dengue virus. Only imported cases have been reported in Spain. The main clinical findings are fever and exanthema, although there may be severe forms, particularly in secondary infections. Five children with a primary, non severe dengue infection are presented. The diagnosis was based on clinical suspicion and epidemiological history, and confirmed by immunochromatography and ELISA tests. The outcome was favourable in all cases. It is important to consider this diagnosis in international travellers that present with fever within the 14 days of returning from an endemic area, in order to get an early diagnosis, adequate treatment and a good prognosis.