ABSTRACT
A novel control concept for serial ring resonator arrays based on a time-division multiplex (TDM) approach is presented. It allows fast sampling rates in terms of biological kinetics. The novelty consists of using both thermal tuning of the effective refractive index and thermo-optical multiplexing for the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) ring resonator arrays, without the need for a tunable laser source. Using a fixed wavelength, fast read-out rates of 100 Hz are demonstrated for each ring.
ABSTRACT
Herein, we examine characteristics and determinants of child malnutrition in the districts of Bara and Rautahat of the Terai region of Nepal. The sample studied consists of 510 rural children ranging in age from 3 to 10 yr. The Nepali children were found to have one of the highest reported prevalences of stunting (65% were less than 90% National study for Health Statistics median height for age). The study children were also 1 to 1.5 kg lighter when compared to US children of the same height. Fat deposits, as measured by anthropometric variables and Hb levels were also very low. Multiple regression analysis showed that age, district of residence, household income, breast-feeding, and several specific food items were significant predictors of nutritional status. Association with other factors such as caste and parental schooling, were not evident in multiple regressions. Boys were as likely to be malnourished as girls. Prolonged breast-feeding was associated with greater fat stores, but with reduced stature and low Hb values. Both landholdings and household income were found to be positively and significantly associated with almost all measures of nutritional status.
PIP: This paper examines the characteristics and determinants of child malnutrition in the districts of Bara and Rautahat of the Teriae region of Nepal. The sample studied consists of 510 rural children ranging in age from 3 to 10 years. The Nepali children were found to have 1 of the highest reported prevalences of stunting (65% were 90% National study for Health Statistics median height for age). The study children were also 1 to 1.5 kg lighter when compared to US children of the same height. Fat deposits, as measured by anthropometric variables and Hb levels were very low. Multiple regression analysis showed that age, district of residence, household income, breastfeeding, and several specific food items were significant predictors of nutritional status. Association with other factors such as caste and parental schooling, were not evident in the analysis. Boys were as likely to be malnourished as girls. Prolonged breastfeeding was associated with greater fat stores, but with reduced stature and low Hb values. Both landholdings and household income were found to be positively and significantly associated with almost all measures of nutritional status.
