ABSTRACT
Two newly established murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), OVS1 and OVS2, to human ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma were further characterized for diagnostic efficacy. The specific SA-1 antigen, purified from the tumor extract was identified as a glycoprotein of 29 kDa. A double determinant biotinstreptavidin alkaline phosphatase immunoassay system, containing OVS1 and OVS2 MAbs was used to determine the SA-1 levels in serum. The OVS1 MAb was used as a first antibody because of its high specificity of 96% while OVS2 MAb, with a lower specificity of 8% but greater sensitivity of 78%, was chosen as a second antibody. Matched sera of 64 healthy controls and 90 patients with definite diagnoses of 25 benign diseases, 14 nonovarian cancer and 51 ovarian cancer, were simultaneously measured together with CA 125 values. At cut-off levels of 220 and 360 units/ml, the SA-1 test showed 63% and 43% positive rates respectively in all types of ovarian cancer, compared to 65% and 57% positive rates for CA 125 at cut-off levels of 35 and 60 units/ml, respectively. Sensitivity for SA-1 at 220 units/ml cut-off level in mucinous ovarian cancer was 75% and increased significantly to 85% when the test was combined with CA 125 at 35 units/ml cut-off level. Furthermore, The combination of both tests significantly increased the positive rates to 86% in all types of early stage ovarian cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/isolation & purification , Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/immunology , Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology , Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Antigens, Neoplasm/blood , Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/blood , Female , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Ovarian Neoplasms/blood , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
OVS1 and OVS2 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were established by fusing murine myeloma cell line NS1/1-Ag4-1 with mouse spleen cells immunized with fresh human ovarian mucinous-cystadenocarcinoma tissue. The selection of the MAbs was assayed by an immuno-histological (streptavidin-biotin) staining of the specific antigen antibody reaction localized on frozen sections of the same tumor. Other paraffin sections and established cell lines were also screened by immuno-histological staining in order to characterize the specificity and sensitivity of these two MAbs. OVS1 MAb showed 96% specificity and 67% sensitivity to mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with no cross reactions to normal tissue, benign tissue, other cancers, or any established cell lines. OVS2 MAb revealed only 8% specificity but 78% sensitivity to mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, however, a cross reaction to some normal and benign tissues or other cancers was shown. The data suggested that OVS1 and OVS2 MAbs could be used in combination to detect ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma.
Subject(s)
Cystadenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Antibodies, Neoplasm/analysis , Cystadenocarcinoma/immunology , Cystadenocarcinoma/pathology , Female , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Staining and Labeling , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
Studies of the mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of hispidulin and hortensin, the flavonoids from Millingtonia hortensis L. (Bignoniaceae), were performed using the liquid preincubation method of the Salmonella/microsome test. At the highest dose tested, 100 micrograms/plate, both compounds showed no mutagenicity and no cytotoxicity toward S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 either in the presence or absence of S9 mix. However, these substances were antimutagens toward 2-aminoanthracene, aflatoxin B1 (in TA98), and dimethylnitrosamine (in TA100); but neither substance inhibited the direct mutagenic activity of 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide nor that of sodium azide in strains TA98 and TA100, respectively.
Subject(s)
Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Flavones , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Mutagens/toxicity , Aflatoxin B1/antagonists & inhibitors , Anthracenes , Antimutagenic Agents/chemistry , Azides , Cell Survival/drug effects , Dimethylnitrosamine/antagonists & inhibitors , Flavonoids/chemistry , Flavonoids/toxicity , Microsomes, Liver/enzymology , Mutagenicity Tests , Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects , Salmonella typhimurium/genetics , Sodium Azide , Suppression, Genetic , ThiophenesABSTRACT
The functional integrity of the local immune system in vitamin A-deficient (A-) rats was investigated. Secretory IgA levels in the intestinal fluid of A- rats were significantly lower than in controls. This and the decrease in intensity of immunofluorescent staining for secretory component (SC) in the intestinal cells was related to the duration of vitamin A deprivation. IgG levels in the intestinal fluid, and serum IgA and IgG levels were unaffected in deficiency. Moreover, when the response of animals to DNP50-BGG was evaluated, the local anti-DNP response in the intestine was markedly depressed. These defects may result from impaired synthesis of SC by epithelial cells. On the other hand, the serum antibody response in deficient animals was not noticeably different from that of the controls; if any, htere was a slight reduction in the affinity of antibody.
