Primary Ureteral Hemangiosarcoma in a dog.

BACKGROUND: Primary ureteral neoplasia in dogs is extremely rare. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the second documented case of a primary ureteral hemangiosarcoma. This case report describes the clinical and pathological findings of a primary distal ureteral hemangiosarcoma. CASE PRESENTATION: A 12-year-old spayed female goldendoodle was presented with a history of polyuria and weight loss. Abdominal radiographs revealed a large cranial abdominal mass. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) identified a left sided distal ureteral mass with secondary hydroureter and a left lateral hepatic mass with no evidence of connection or diffuse metastasis. A left ureteronephrectomy, partial cystectomy, and left lateral liver lobectomy were performed. Histopathology was consistent with primary ureteral hemangiosarcoma and a hepatocellular carcinoma. Adjunctive therapy including chemotherapy was discussed but declined. CONCLUSION: Due to its rarity, the authors of this case presentation believe that ureteral hemangiosarcoma should be included as a differential diagnosis when evaluating a ureteral mass. With the unknown, and suspected poor prognosis, routine monitoring with adjunctive therapy should be considered.

Extended long-term radiographic and functional comparison of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy vs tibial tuberosity advancement for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the dog.

OBJECTIVE: To report extended long-term outcomes of dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture treated by tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) or tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical cohort study. ANIMALS: Client-owned dogs with ≥3 years follow-up (118 dogs, 166 stifles). METHODS: Records from June 2012 to May 2015 were reviewed. Follow-up examination and radiography were performed in dogs meeting the inclusion criteria. Measures of outcomes included a radiographic osteoarthritis score (preoperative, 8 weeks postoperative, and ≥3 years postoperative), the Canine Brief Pain Inventory, and the Canine Orthopedic Index. RESULTS: Ninety-four dogs treated with TPLO (133 stifles) and 24 dogs treated with TTA (33 stifles) met the inclusion criteria. All dogs underwent meniscal release or partial medial meniscectomy. Osteoarthritis score progressed more after TTA (P = .003) and in dogs with bilateral surgery (P = .022). Long-term outcomes that were better after TPLO compared with TTA included average pain in the last 7 days (P = .007), interference with walking (P = .010), morning stiffness (P = .004), jumping (P = .003) and climbing (P = .040), limping during mild activities (P = .001), and overall quality of life (P = .045). CONCLUSION: Osteoarthritis progressed more after TTA and in dogs with bilateral stifle surgery. Dogs treated with TPLO subjectively seemed to have less pain and fewer mobility issues. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Tibial plateau leveling osteotomy provides a better long-term radiographic and functional outcome than TTA.