Association between Pre-Operative 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Deficiency and Surgical Site Infection after Right Hemicolectomy Surgery.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most important and costly complications of surgical operations. The present study hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of SSI, and this current study investigated this hypothesis. Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed with adult patients undergoing open right hemicolectomy operation with stapled anastomosis between February 2018 and March 2021 in the surgery ward of Imam Khomeini hospital. A logistic regression test examined and analyzed the connection between serum 25-OH vitamin D levels and post-operative wound infections. Results: This study comprised 315 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Pre-operative serum vitamin D levels were <30 ng/mL in 107 participants (34%) and ≥30 ng/mL in 208 participants (66%). The mean serum vitamin D level was 35.66 ± 13.26 ng/mL among the study population. Increased vitamin D deficiency was linked with elevated odds of surgical wound infection incidence among the patients after surgery (odds ratio [OR], 5.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.06-14.6; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Pre-operative vitamin D level strongly affects post-operative SSI in patients with colon cancer. This study highlighted the importance of conducting further research to determine the possible advantages of vitamin D in preventing incision infection after surgery.

The Association of Vitamin D3 With Early Anastomotic Leakage in Patients Undergoing Hemicolectomy Surgery.

BACKGROUND: Anastomotic leak (AL) is one of the most important postoperative complications after hemicolectomy with stapled anastomosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association of preoperative vitamin D3 with early anastomotic leakage after right colon cancer surgery with stapled anastomosis. METHOD: In this prospective cohort study, 535 patients who underwent right colon cancer surgery (right hemicolectomy) with stapled anastomosis were enrolled. A subset of 315 patients was included in the study after meeting the inclusion criteria. Preoperative vitamin D level was measured and analyzed for association with early AL using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULT: This study included 315 cases; among them, 18 (5.71%) patients developed early AL. Vitamin D3 was significantly higher among patients without early AL (P < .001). Low vitamin D3 status was reported among 111 patients (35.2%) and 204 (64.8%) of patients did not have low vitamin D3 status (sufficient level = 30-100 ng/mL). Sufficient vitamin D3 levels before right colon cancer surgery with stapled anastomosis was associated inversely with early AL (crude OR = .89, 95% CI = .85-.94, P < .001 and adjusted OR = .89, 95% CI = .82-.98, P = .02). CONCLUSION: The vitamin D3 level has a protective association with early AL. As a result, low vitamin D3 status may be a risk factor for early AL development, suggesting that it can be one of the predictors of early AL occurrence.