ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Police officers are increasingly required to respond to incidents involving psychiatric patients. However, few studies have assessed whether the attitude of police officers depends on prior knowledge of their specific psychiatric diagnosis. Our aim was to analyze the effects of psychiatric diagnosis on the behavior of police officers. METHODS: We utilized the Attribution Questionnaire adapted to the police context to examine the attitudes of 927 officers of the Spanish National Police Force towards persons diagnosed with either schizophrenia or depressive disorder playing the role of somebody in need of assistance, a victim of a crime, a witness, or a suspect in a criminal case. Different socio-demographic variables were also collected. RESULTS: Compared to attitudes to individuals with a known psychiatric diagnosis, police officers expressed increased willingness to help psychiatric patients and increased sympathy and attributing to them less responsibility for their actions. They also showed increased feelings of avoidance, reported a greater perception of danger and a greater need for isolation and involuntary treatment. This was especially so in the case of schizophrenia. Stigmatizing attitudes were less apparent when the person was a woman, a veteran officer, or someone with a history of work experience. CONCLUSIONS: Police officers may hold certain stigmatizing attitudes towards persons with mental illness, particularly schizophrenia, that require special attention, as they may negatively affect police action. We found several factors associated with the persistence of these stigmatizing attitudes among police officers that may guide us when implementing training programs for promoting attitude change, especially at the beginning of an officer's professional career.
Subject(s)
Mental Disorders , Schizophrenia , Attitude , Female , Humans , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/psychology , Police , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Chronic hallucinatory psychosis is a clinical picture described by Ballet in 1912. Together with paraphrenia and paranoia, it forms a part of the chronic delusions that describes the French nosology separately from schizophrenia. It is characterized by the presence of mental automatism, chronic hallucinations and secondary delusions. This is a fairly uncommon clinical picture in our setting and is often confused with other pictures. We report a case of a 52-year-old woman and we discuss various clinical and diagnostic issues related to the disturbance.
Subject(s)
Hallucinations/complications , Psychotic Disorders/complications , Chronic Disease , Female , Hallucinations/diagnosis , Humans , Middle Aged , Psychotic Disorders/diagnosisABSTRACT
La psicosis alucinatoria crónica es un cuadro clínico descrito por Ballet en 1912. Junto con la parafrenia y paranoia forma parte de los delirios crónicos que describe la nosología francesa de forma separada de la esquizofrenia. Constituye un cuadro clínico con automatismo mental, alucinaciones crónicas y delirios secundarios a dichas alucinaciones. Es una entidad poco frecuente en nuestro medio y que a menudo se confunde con otros cuadros clínicos. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer de 52 años y consideramos varios aspectos clínicos y diagnósticos relacionados con la alteración (AU)
Chronic hallucinatory psychosis is a clinical picture described by Ballet in 1912. Together with paraphrenia and paranoia, it forms a part of the chronic delusions that describes the French nosology separately from schizophrenia. It is characterized by the presence of mental automatism, chronic hallucinations and secondary delusions. This is a fairly uncommon clinical picture in our setting and is often confused with other pictures. We report a case of a 52-year-old woman and we discuss various clinical and diagnostic issues related to the disturbance (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Psychotic Disorders/complications , Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis , Psychotic Disorders/therapy , Delirium/complications , Delirium/diagnosis , Delirium/therapy , Anxiety/complications , Anxiety/diagnosis , Anxiety/therapySubject(s)
Catheter Ablation , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Psychophysiologic Disorders/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Paroxysmal/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Paroxysmal/surgery , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/surgery , Child , Humans , Male , Remission InductionSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Tachycardia, Paroxysmal/pathology , Catheter Ablation/instrumentation , Catheter Ablation/methods , Affective Disorders, Psychotic/complications , Somatoform Disorders/pathology , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Language Development Disorders/pathology , Nocturnal Enuresis/pathology , Night Terrors/pathologyABSTRACT
Objetivo. El antagonista del N-metil-Daspartato(NMDA), ketamina, es un compuesto químicoque se utiliza en humanos y animales comoanestésico. Aunque se ha descrito también un usocon fines de abuso, que está aumentando en frecuencia,es escasa la información científica disponible sobrelos trastornos mentales derivados de su uso.Material y métodos. Se describe el caso de un pacienteconsumidor de ketamina que presenta un cuadromaniforme. El paciente era un varón de 35 años.Resultados. Las características del cuadro clínico(manía franca cuya duración e intensidad excede losefectos esperables por una intoxicación por ketamina)son compatibles con diagnóstico de trastorno bipolartipo III y 1/2. La sintomatología se controlacon la combinación de antipsicóticos y litio. En lasrevisiones se mantiene controlado con la medicación.Conclusiones. La mayoría de las publicaciones detrastornos psiquiátricos derivados del uso de ketaminahacen referencia a trastornos psicóticos sincomponente afectivo. Las complicaciones psicóticasy/o maníacas no son infrecuentes y suelen ceder enel plazo de 24-72 horas. La persistencia del cuadromás allá de las 8 semanas indica la exacerbación deun trastorno psicótico de base, como ocurre ennuestro paciente
Objectives. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, ketamine, is an anaesthetic drug used in human and veterinary practice. Although recreational usage as a club drug has also been reported and it is increasing its frequency, there is limited scientific information about mental disorders caused by ketamine use.Material and methods. The authors describe a patientscase of ketamine consumer with a manic episode.The patient was a male aged 35.Results. The clinical picture (second manic episodewith a length and intensity higher than effects of ketamine intoxication) make us to diagnose bipolardisorder type III and 1/2. The symptoms disappearwith antipsychotic drugs and lithium treatment. The patient tends to be asymptomatic with medication.Conclusions. Most scientific reports about ketaminemental disorder are about psychotic disorderwithout affective component. Psychotic and manicpictures are not infrequent and finish in 24-72 hours. If the symptomatology persists more than 8 weeks, we have to consider a mental disorder exacerbation, as occurs in our patient
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Ketamine/adverse effects , Bipolar Disorder/chemically induced , Anesthetics/adverse effects , Psychoses, Substance-Induced/diagnosisSubject(s)
Neurofibromatosis 1/complications , Phobic Disorders/etiology , Child , Humans , Male , Neurofibromatosis 1/psychologyABSTRACT
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