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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 85(6): 397-402, dez. 2005. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-419798

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estudar um grupo de pacientes com lesão significativa em apenas uma artéria coronária e demonstrar se a ecocardiografia de estresse com dobutamina (EED) tem boa sensibilidade e especificidade na avaliação de viabilidade miocárdica nesse grupo de pacientes. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 20 pacientes submetidos a angioplastia coronariana transluminal percutânea (ATC). Esse grupo foi avaliado 2 a 7 (3,65 ± 1,69) dias antes do procedimento, e 2 a 5 (4 ± 0,80) dias depois, realizando-se EED. Para a determinação de viabilidade miocárdica foi utilizado ecocardiograma bidimensional três meses após o procedimento. Doze pacientes foram submetidos a ATC de artéria descendente anterior (DA), 7 de artéria coronária direita (CD) e 1 de circunflexa (CX). Apenas um procedimento (CD) não obteve pleno êxito. RESULTADOS: Dos 340 segmentos estudados, 99 (29,18 por cento) demonstraram alterações contráteis, sendo 63 hipocinéticos (63,4 por cento), 28 acinéticos (28,28 por cento) e 8 discinéticos (8,08 por cento). Quanto aos segmentos envolvidos, obtivemos sensibilidade de 92,59 por cento, especificidade de 84,45 por cento, acurácia de 88,88 por cento para o exame EED. O único caso de ATC de CX demonstrou sensibilidade de 100 por cento; para DA, sensibilidade de 88,58 por cento, especificidade de 95 por cento e acurácia de 90,91 por cento. Para segmentos da CD, sensibilidade de 91,30 por cento, especificidade de 83,33 por cento e acurácia de 88,71 por cento. Todos os segmentos discinéticos eram inviáveis. Dos 63 hipocinéticos, a EED previu recuperação em 91,48 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: A EED é útil na avaliação de viabilidade miocárdica em pacientes com lesão significativa de apenas uma artéria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiotonic Agents , Coronary Circulation/physiology , Dobutamine , Echocardiography, Stress/standards , Coronary Stenosis , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Coronary Circulation/drug effects , Myocardial Contraction/physiology , Coronary Stenosis/physiopathology , Coronary Stenosis/therapy , Sensitivity and Specificity , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tissue Survival/physiology , Treatment Outcome
2.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 85(6): 397-402, 2005 Dec.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16429200

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a group of patients that have a significant lesion in a single-vessel and to demonstrate whether or not the sensitivity and specificity of a dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) was valuable in the evaluation of myocardial viability for these patients. METHODS: Twenty patients who had undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) were studied. This group was evaluated 2 to 7 days (3.65 +/- 1.69) before the procedure and 2 to 5 days (4 +/- 0.80) after the procedure with a DSE. Myocardial viability was assessed three months after the procedure using a two dimensional echocardiogram. Twelve patients underwent PTCA on the left anterior descending artery (LAD), 7 on the right coronary artery (RC) and 1 on the circumflex artery (CX). Only one right coronary artery procedure was not 100% successful. RESULTS: From the 340 segments that were studied, 99 (29.18%) demonstrated contractile alterations of which 63 were hypokinetic (63.4%), 28 akinetic (28.28%) and 8 dyskinetic (8.08%). In reference to the segments involved, we obtained a sensitivity of 92.59%, specificity of 84.45%, and accuracy of 88.88% for the DSE. The solitary case of PTCA for the circumflex artery demonstrated 100% sensitivity. The LAD demonstrated a sensitivity of 88.58%, specificity of 95% and accuracy of 90.91%. For the RC segments, sensitivity was 91.30%, specificity 83.33% and accuracy 88.71%. All dyskinetic segments were unviable. The DSE predicted a 91.48% recovery rate for the 63 hypokinetic segments. CONCLUSION: The DSE is an effective test for evaluating myocardial viability in patients with a significant single-vessel disease.


Subject(s)
Cardiotonic Agents , Coronary Circulation/physiology , Coronary Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Dobutamine , Echocardiography, Stress/standards , Adult , Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Coronary Circulation/drug effects , Coronary Stenosis/physiopathology , Coronary Stenosis/therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Contraction/physiology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tissue Survival/physiology , Treatment Outcome
3.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 83(5): 419-23; 414-8, 2004 Nov.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15543361

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) using PESDA and adenosine in bolus (ADN) with myocardial nuclear scintigraphy (NS) in patients (pts) undergoing routine investigation with a high probability of having coronary artery disease. METHODS: This study comprised 125 pts (85 men) with 58.4 +/- 10.6 years, who underwent MCE and NS within 4 weeks. MCE was performed with PESDA in a continuous infusion at rest and after administration of an adenosine bolus. The LV walls was divided into 3 territories related to the coronary arteries, in a total of 375 territories. MCE was normal when an increase in contrast intensity occurred after ADN. The reduction in contrast intensity at rest or after ADN was defined as an abnormal MCE result. NS was performed according to classical protocols. When compared per patient, both examinations were considered concordant when they were normal or abnormal, independent of its location. The comparison by territory was considered concordant when perfusion defects existed or not in the same territory. The chi-square test was used to determine the significance of concordance. RESULTS: In 106/125 pts, MCE and NS were concordant (84.8% - P < 0.001). Concordance occurred in 342/375 territories (91.2% - P < 0.001). For the LAD territory, concordance was 87.2%; for the RCA, 93.6%; and for the CX, 92.8% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: An excellent concordance exists between MCE and NS in assessing pts for coronary artery disease; therefore, MCE may represent a good alternative for assessing myocardial perfusion.


Subject(s)
Contrast Media , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging , Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi , Adenosine , Albumins , Echocardiography/methods , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Radionuclide Imaging
4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 83(5): 414-423, nov. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-387190

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar a ecocardiografia de contraste miocárdico (ECM) usando PESDA e adenosina em bolus (ADN) com a cintilografia miocárdica com radioisótopos (CM) em pacientes (pts) submetidos a investigação e alta probabilidade de doença arterial coronariana. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 125 pts, 58,4 ± 10,6 anos, 85 homens, com ECM e CM, realizados com intervalo máximo de 4 semanas. ECM foi realizada com PESDA em infusão contínua em repouso e após ADN. As paredes do VE foram divididas em 3 territórios relacionados às artérias coronarianas, totalizando 375 territórios. ECM foi normal quando houve aumento da intensidade do contraste após ADN. Diminuição da intensidade do contraste em repouso ou após ADN foi definida como ECM anormal. CM foi realizada usando protocolos clássicos. Comparados por pacientes, foram considerados concordantes quando ambos exames eram normais ou anormais independente de localização. A comparação por território foi considerada concordante quando havia ou não déficit perfusional num mesmo território. A significância da concordância foi feita pelo teste do qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: Em 106/125 pts ECM e CM foram concordantes (84,8 por cento - p<0,001). Houve concordância em 342/375 territórios (91,2 por cento - p<0,001). Para o território de DA a concordância foi de 87,2 por cento, para CD 93,6 por cento e para CX 92,8 por cento (p<0,001). CONCLUSAO: Existe uma ótima concordância entre ECM e CM nos pts em investigação para doença arterial coronariana, podendo a ECM representar uma alternativa à avaliação da perfusão miocárdica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Contrast Media , Coronary Artery Disease , Coronary Artery Disease , Echocardiography/methods , Adenosine , Albumins , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies
5.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 14(1): 38-40, jan.-mar. 2004. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-575428

ABSTRACT

Os autores apresentam caso de aneurisma da artéria poplítea tratado cirurgicamente com ressecção e reconstrução arterial com interposição de segmentos de prótese de Dacron® e de veia femoral superficial reversa.


A case of a thrombosed popliteal artery aneurysm is treated by aneurysmectomy and interposition of the composed graft of superficial femoral vein and dacron® protesis is presented.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aneurysm/surgery , Popliteal Artery/surgery , Femoral Vein/surgery
6.
Clin Sci (Lond) ; 105(2): 161-5, 2003 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12627998

ABSTRACT

Mentally or emotionally stressful situations occur throughout our lives and cause physiological haemodynamic responses. In patients with coronary artery disease, such events can also induce myocardial ischaemia and ventricular arrhythmias, increasing mortality rates. The purpose of the present study was to determine the acute effects of the oral administration of pyridostigmine, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor and thus an indirect cholinomimetic drug, on echocardiographic variables during mental stress in healthy subjects. A total of 18 healthy young volunteers were subjected to mental stress tests (mental arithmetic and the Stroop colour-word test) 2 h after the oral administration of either placebo or pyridostigmine bromide (45 mg), using a balanced-randomized, double-blind, crossover protocol. During mental stress, heart rate (pyridostigmine, 64+/-1 beats/min; placebo, 70+/-1 beats/min; P =0.0003) and diastolic blood pressure (pyridostigmine, 66+/-2 mmHg; placebo, 79+/-3 mmHg; P =0.01) were lower in the pyridostigmine group, but systolic pressure was not (pyridostigmine, 124+/-3 mmHg; placebo, 123+/-3 mmHg; P =0.40). There were no detectable abnormalities in the left ventricular wall motion score during mental stress, but left ventricular outflow tract mean velocity (pyridostigmine, 0.68+/-0.02 m/s; placebo, 0.64+/-0.02 m/s; P <0.05) and mitral inflow velocity deceleration (placebo, 4.05+/-0.18 m/s(2); pyridostigmine, 4.41+/-0.16 m/s(2); P <0.05) were higher in the pyridostigmine group. In conclusion, cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine seems to increase left ventricular diastolic function during mental stress in healthy subjects.


Subject(s)
Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Pyridostigmine Bromide/pharmacology , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects , Adult , Blood Flow Velocity/drug effects , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Cross-Over Studies , Double-Blind Method , Female , Heart Rate/drug effects , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Humans , Male
7.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 78(3): 281-98, 2002 Mar.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11967584

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility, safety and accuracy of the adenosine protocol in the study of myocardial perfusion with microbubbles contrast echocardiography. METHODS: 81 pts (64 male, 60+11 years) were submitted to contrast echocardiography with PESDA (sonicated solution of albumin 20%-1ml, dextrose 5%-12ml and deca-fluorobutane gas-8ml) to study the myocardial perfusion at rest and after bolus injection of adenosine (6 to 18mg) and to coronary angiography within 1 month each other. For each patient 3 left ventricle perfusion beds were considered (total of 243 territories). 208 territories were analyzed and 35 territories were excluded. PESDA was continuously infused (1-2ml/min), titrated for best myocardial contrast. Triggered (1:1) second harmonic imaging was used. RESULTS: Coronary angiography showed 70 flow limiting (> 75%) lesions and 138 no flow limiting lesions. At rest an obvious myocardium contrast enhancement was seen in at least 1 segment of a territory in all patients. After adenosine injection an unquestionable further increase in myocardial contrast was observed in 136 territories (99%) related to no flow limiting lesions, lasting < 10 s, and a myocardial perfusion defect was detected in 68 territories (97%) related to flow limiting lesions. It was observed only 4 false results. There were no serious complications. CONCLUSION: Myocardial perfusion study with PESDA and adenosine protocol is a practical, safe and accurate method to analyze the coronary flow reserve.


Subject(s)
Adenosine , Coronary Circulation/physiology , Coronary Disease/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography/methods , Vasodilator Agents , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Clinical Protocols , Contrast Media , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Disease/physiopathology , Feasibility Studies , Female , Hemodynamics , Humans , Injections, Intravenous , Male , Middle Aged , Rest
8.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 78(3): 281-298, Mar. 2002. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-305035

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility, safety and accuracy of the adenosine protocol in the study of myocardial perfusion with microbubbles contrast echocardiography. METHODS: 81 pts (64 male, 60+11 years) were submitted to contrast echocardiography with PESDA (sonicated solution of albumin 20 percent-1ml, dextrose 5 percent-12ml and deca-fluorobutane gas-8ml) to study the myocardial perfusion at rest and after bolus injection of adenosine (6 to 18mg) and to coronary angiography within 1 month each other. For each patient 3 left ventricle perfusion beds were considered (total of 243 territories). 208 territories were analyzed and 35 territories were excluded. PESDA was continuously infused (1-2ml/min), titrated for best myocardial contrast. Triggered (1:1) second harmonic imaging was used. RESULTS: Coronary angiography showed 70 flow limiting (> 75 percent) lesions and 138 no flow limiting lesions. At rest an obvious myocardium contrast enhancement was seen in at least 1 segment of a territory in all patients. After adenosine injection an unquestionable further increase in myocardial contrast was observed in 136 territories (99 percent) related to no flow limiting lesions, lasting < 10 s, and a myocardial perfusion defect was detected in 68 territories (97 percent) related to flow limiting lesions. It was observed only 4 false results. There were no serious complications. CONCLUSION: Myocardial perfusion study with PESDA and adenosine protocol is a practical, safe and accurate method to analyze the coronary flow reserve


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Adenosine , Coronary Circulation , Coronary Disease , Echocardiography , Vasodilator Agents , Aged, 80 and over , Clinical Protocols , Contrast Media , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Disease , Hemodynamics , Injections, Intravenous , Rest
9.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 72(6): 677-86, jun. 1999. ilus
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-247411

ABSTRACT

Estabelecer o padrão normal e a segurança do contraste ecocardiográfico usado em pacientes sem lesão coronariano significativa das coronárias epicárdicas. Métodos - 67 pacientes com coronárias normais ou obstrução < 50 por cento foram selecionados dentre 277 pacientes submetidos a cinecoronariografia (CINE). A idade média era de 56 + 11 anos e 36 eram homens. Ao final da CINE, o contraste ecocardiográfico foi injetado seletivamente em cada coronária. O eixo curto paraesternal do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) foi dividido em 6 segmentos: anterior (A), ântero-lateral (AL), póstero-lateral (PL), posterior (P), ínfero-septal (IS) e ântero-septal (AS), e mais os músculos papilares ântero-lateral (MPAL) e póstero-medial (PMPM). O padrão e a intensidade do aparecimento do contraste no miocárdio foi analisado visualmente. Resultados - A coronária direita (CD) era dominante em 60 pacientes. O aparecimento de contraste foi súbito e simultâneo nas 3 camadas musculares. Todos os segmentos foram contrastados após injeção nas 2 coronárias. Os segmentos AS, A e AL em 100 por cento, o PL em 97 por cento, e o MPAL em 98 por cento, eram perfundidos pela coronária esquerda (CE). Os segmentos P e IS eram perfurmados pela CD em 85 por cento e 82 por cento, respectivamente, e por uma CE dominante, em 71 por cento dos casos. O PMPM era perfundido por uma CD dominante em 77 por cento e por uma CE dominante em 86 por cento. Não houve sintomas. Conclusão - A injeção intracoronária de solução sonificada é um procedimento seguro que permite uma excelente opacificação do miocárdio e pode potencialmente ser usada na CINE de rotina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Adult , Contrast Media , Coronary Disease , Echocardiography , Heart , Aged, 80 and over
10.
Radiol. bras ; 31(6): 349-54, dez. 1998. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-267841

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Este estudo visa fazer a correlaçäo entre a clínica, a ecocardiografia transtorácica (ETT) e a ecocardiografia transesofgica (ETE) no diagnóstico diferencial dos defeitos do septo interatrial (DSIA) e hipertensäo pulmonar (HP) em adultos. Realizamos ETT a ETE em 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de DSIA baseado em critérios de ausculta cardíaca, radiológicos e eletrocardiográficos. Três critérios, em 16 pacientes (grupo B). Foram determinados a sensibilidade, a especificidade, a acurácia e os valores preditivos positivo e negativo para a ETT, admitindo-se os resultados da ETE como ''gold standard''. A sensibilidade da ETT para o diagnóstico de DSIA é baixa 50 (por cento), a especificidade é de 75-90 (por cento), a acurária de 60-66 (por cento), o valor preditivo positivo de 75-83 (por cento), e o valor preditivo negativo de 37-75 (por cento), näo sendo capaz de diagnosticar os DSIAs tipo seio venoso. Catorze pacientes 46,6 (por cento) apresentaram diagnóstico final de HP, näo estando relacionada a DSIA


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Adult , Echocardiography , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnosis , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis
11.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 67(6): 395-400, Dez. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-319223

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the short-term effects of the partial ventriculectomy (resection of lateral wall associated to mitral annuloplasty) on cardiac mechanics, contractility, shape and geometry of the left ventricle (LV). METHODS: Eleven male patients with severe congestive heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy were studied. The mean age was 51 +/- 7 years and the functional class was III (five patients) or IV (six patients) before the surgery. Patients were evaluated before and at 17 +/- 4 days after the surgery by simultaneous LV pressure and echocardiographic data. End-diastolic pressure (EDP-mmHg), wall stress (EDS-g/cm2) and diameter (EDD-cm); endsystolic wall stress (ESS) and diameter (ESD), fractional shortening (FS-) and maximal elastance (Emax-mmHg/ cm/s); the diastolic slope of the pressure-diameter (Kp-mmHg/cm) and stress-strain (Km-g/cm2) loops; shape (L/ EDD, adimensional, where L is the LV long axis) and geometry (Th/EDD, adimensional, where TH is the LV diastolic thickness) were obtained. RESULTS: 1) The ressected muscle fragments (diamond shape) were 10.8 +/- 1.3 cm in length and 5 +/- 0.6 cm in width; 2) all patients were discharged from hospital (15-29 days) in class I (eight cases), II (two), and III (one); 3) it was observed a decrease in EDP (24.3 +/- 7.7 x 17.5 +/- 3.2, p = 0.016); in EDD (8.0 +/- 0.7 x 7.2 +/- 0.8, p = 0.002); in EDS (57.9 +/- 26.8 x 37.4 +/- 19.2, p = 0.005); in ESS (199 +/- 46.9 x 102.8 +/- 33.1, p = 0.004); in ESD (7.1 +/- 0.7 x 5.7 +/- 0.8, p < 0.001); in Kp (22.3 +/- 15.9 x 11.5 +/- 6.9, p = 0.014); and in K(m) (467.4 +/- 212 x 214.6 +/- 87.4, p = 0.01); and, 4) it was noted an increase in FS (11.5 +/- 1.8 x 19.8 +/- 3.9, p < 0.001); in Emax (13.8 +/- 2.2 x 18.6 +/- 3.2, p < 0.001); and in L/EDD (1.32 +/- 0.1 x 1.47 +/- 0.13, p < 0.007) and Th/Dd (0.11 +/- 0.04 x 0.17 +/- 0.08, p < 0.038). CONCLUSION: The partial ventriculectomy showed multiple significant beneficial effects in these dilated myopathic hearts.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated , Heart Ventricles/surgery , Elasticity , Electrocardiography , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Myocardial Contraction , Ventricular Function , Hemodynamics , Postoperative Period
12.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 67(2): 87-91, ago. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-199319

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO - Avaliar os efeitos agudos da ibopamina (IBO) sobre a mecânica e a contrabilidade miocárdica em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC)refratária secundária à cardiomiopatia dilatada idiopática.MÉTODOS- Foram estudados 10 pacientes (idade= 43+-7anos) do sexo masculino, em ritmo sinusal, com cardiomiopatia dilatada idiopática e ICC refratária.Foram realizados estudos ecocardiográficos e hemodinâmicos (cateter micro-tip) simultâneos, antes (basal) e após (20,40 e 60min) à administraçäo de um comprimido de 200mg de IBO.Para cada fase obtidas as relaçöes pressäo/diâmetro e esforço/de formaçäo do ventrículo esquerdo (VE).A partir destas relaçöes foram analisados:frequência cardíaca (FC-bpm), débito cardíaco (DC-L/m), pressäo diastólica final (PDF-mmHg); fraçäo de encurtamento (D por cento); elastância máxima (E máx - mmHg/cm/s);esforços sistólico final (ESF-g/cm2) e diastólito final (EDF-g/cm2); rididez da cavidade (Kp-mmHg/cm) e do músculo cardíaco (Km-g/cm2);e tempo da constante de relaxamento (Tau-ms).RESULTADOS- Na condiçäo basal e aos 20,40 e 60min após a administraçäo da IBO, näo houve variaçäo significante na FC (99+-7;99+-8e99+-10), e foram observados aumentos signifacantes do DC (4,13+-1,28;4,95+-1,38;5,13+-1,86;5,18+-1,57), do D por cento (13,7+-2,4;15,4+-2,8;15,9+-1,8;16,1+-2,0), e da E máx (14,8+-3,2;16+-3,6;17,7+-4,2;17,6+-4,2).Houve mudanças significativas, com aumento transitório inicial seguido de diminuiçäo da PDF ( 26,3+-4,2;30,6+-6,4;24,6+-5,6;22,3+-4,6) do EDF (79,7+-22,8;91,7+-29,6;79+-31;63+-17,3) e do Kp (27,2+-12,6;60+-26,7;27,9+-11,7;28+-11).CONCLUSAO - A IBO produziu efeito benéfico na funçäo sistólica e diastólica do VE, bem como aumentou a contratilidade em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca severa devido à cardiomiopatia dilatada idiopática


Purpose - The effects of ibopamine (IBO) on left ventricular (LV) mechanics and contractility have not been described. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that IBO has a contractile effect at a dose of 200mg. Methods - Ten male patients (43±7 years) with refractory heart failure due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy were studied. The patients were submitted to simultaneous echo-Doppler and hemodynamic (microtip catheter) studies, before (B) and after (20, 40 and 60 minutes) a dose of 200mg of IBO. LV pressure/diameter and stress/strain relations were obtained. Subsequently, heart rate (HR-bpm), cardiac output (CO-L/m), end-diastolic pressure (EDPmmHg); fractional shortening (FS-%); maximal elastance (Emax-mmHg/cm/s); end systolic (ESS-g/cm2) and enddiastolic (EDS-g/cm2) stress; chamber (Kp-mmHg/cm) andmuscle (Km-g/cm2) stiffness, and the time of constant relaxation (Tau-ms) were analyzed. Results - Results were presented as mean ± standard deviation for conditions before and after IBO (20, 40 and 60 minutes) respectively. There was no change in HR (99±7; 100±7; 99±8; 99±10). Significant increa ses were observed in CO (4.13±1.28; 4.95±1.38; 5.13±1.86;5.18±1.57), FS (13.7±2.4; 15.4±2.8; 15.9±1.8; 16.1±2.0), and Emax (14.8±3.2; 16±3.6; 17.7±4.2; 17.6±4.2). A transient (20 minutes) increase followed by a decrease (40 and 60 minutes) ocurred in EDP (26.3±4.2; 30.6±6.4; 24.6±5.6; 22.3±4.6), EDS (79.7±22.8; 91.7±29.6; 79±31; 63±17.3), and Kp (27.2±12.6; 60±26.7; 27.9±11.7; 28.1±11). Conclusion - IBO has a beneficial effect on LV systolic and diastolic function as well as on contractility in patients with heart failure due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiomyopathies , Myocardial Contraction , Ventricular Function , Heart Failure
13.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 67(1): 5-9, jul. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-199308

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO- Testar a hipótese de que a rejeiçäo após transplante cardíaco poderia diminuir a reserva de contralidade do ventrículo esquerdo (VE).MÉTODOS - Foram estudados 11 pacientes utilizando-se metodologia näo invasiva (ecocardiografia e pressäo arterial sistêmicca). Os parämetros ecocardiográficos epressóricos (pressäo sistólica final (PSF), frequência cardíaca (FC)volumes diastólico final (VDF) e sistólico final (VSF), fraçäo de ejeçäo (FE), esforço sistólico final (ESF) e a relaçäo de final de sístole entre o esforço e o volume (ESF/VSF) do VE foram obtidos em 68 estudos realizados sete dias-12 meses após o transplante.De acordo com o resultado das biopsias, os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos:grup A- sem rejeiçäo (53 estudos) e grupos B - com rejeiçäo (15 estudos).RESULTADOS - A infusäo de nitroprussiato provocou mudanças significativas e semelhantes nos dois grupos em todos os parâmetros, com exeçäo da relaçäo ESF/VSF.(A=68ñ12mL), o VSF(A=12ñ5 e B=18ñ12mL) e o ESF(A=59ñ13 e B=82ñ20g/cm²); aumentou a FC(A=94ñ9eB=93ñ16bpm) e a FE(A=83ñ5eB=79ñ8 por cento) e näo provocou modificaçäo na relaçäo ESF/VSF (A=5,5ñ1,7 e B=4,8ñ1,5g/cm²/mL) A infusäo de dobutamina provocou mudanças distintas nos 2 grupos, com exeçäo da PSF que aumentou de forma similar (A=156ñ26eB149ñ26mmHg). Os aumentos na FC na FE e na relaçäo ESF/vsf foram significamente maiores no grupo A do que no grupo B (FC-A=117ñ19 e B=102ñ25bpm; Fe- A=91ñ4e B=78ñ11 por cento, ESF/VSf - A=13,1ñ6 e B=6,1ñ3,1g/cm²/mL), bem como foram significativamente menores no grupo A o VDF (57ñ18x94ñ35mL),o VSF (5ñ3x24ñ20mL) e o ESF (57ñ21x102ñ40g/cm²).CONCLUSAO- A rejeiçäo pode näo alterar a funçäo contrátil de repouso do VE mas deprime sua reserva de contralidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ventricular Function , Graft Rejection/epidemiology , Heart Transplantation , Hypothesis-Testing
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 63(5): 383-384, nov. 1994. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-156133

ABSTRACT

Paciente masculino, 46 anos, portador de enfisema pulmonar, foi submetido a transplante ortotópico de pulmäo direito. A ecodopplercardiografia transesofágica foi útil na avaliaçäo das características funcionais e morfológicas dos vasos pulmonares após esse procedimento


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Lung/blood supply , Lung Transplantation , Anastomosis, Surgical , Lung/surgery
16.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 63(2): 91-96, ago. 1994. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-156030

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE--To evaluate the role of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular systolic function an other clinical parameters on prevalence and complexity of ventricular arrhythmias in hypertension. METHODS--Ventricular arrhythmias were studied in 39 hypertensives by 24 hours ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. Frequency and complexity of ventricular arrhythmias were compared among 3 groups: A and B, respectively without and with LVH, both with normal left ventricular function; and C with LVH and systolic dysfunction. LVH and systolic dysfunction were established echocardiographically. Linear regression analysis was performed in order to identify an independent correlation between clinical parameters and presence of arrhythmias. RESULTS--Group C patients were older and had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures, greater mass index, diastolic posterior wall thickness and end-systolic stress and increased prevalence of electrocardiographic strain. Left ventricular diastolic diameter in C group patients was increased only when compared to A group. Frequencies of cases with more than 10 ectopic ventricular beats/hour, pairs and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia episodes were all significantly increased in C when compared to B and to A. However, only left ventricular mass index or diastolic posterior wall thickness identified independently patients with ventricular arrhythmias. CONCLUSION--Left ventricular hypertrophy is the main predictor of potential high risk rhythm disturbances in hypertension


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/complications , Ventricular Function, Left , Hypertension/complications , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/diagnosis , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/physiopathology , Systole , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology
17.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 63(1): 21-26, jul. 1994. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-155533

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE--To evaluate the role of casual and exercise blood pressure as well as the importance of clinical factors on the presence and degree of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension. METHODS--Fifteen normotensives (control group) and 30 hypertensives, 14 of them with and 16 without left ventricular hypertrophy (groups with LVH and without LVH, respectively) were studied. LVH diagnosis was established when mass index was higher than 2 standard-deviations of the mean values calculated for each sex in control group. Resting, casual determined, and bicycle exercise systolic and diastolic blood pressures along with age, body surface area, sex and race distribution were compared between groups. In addiction, their relation with mass index as independent variables were also tested. RESULTS--Hypertensives in group with LVH had higher diastolic septal, posterior wall, and relative wall thicknesses. No significant statistical difference was observed neither in sex and race distribution, nor in age and body surface area between groups. Otherwise, there were significant differences in both resting and exercise blood pressure. In the entire population studied, left ventricular mass index significantly correlated with age (r=0,33, p=0,03) as well as with both casual (systolic - r=0,72, p=0,0001; diastolic - r=0,69, p=0,0001) and exercise (systolic - r=0,62, p=0,0001; diastolic - r=0,66, p=0,0001) blood pressures. However, linear regression analysis demonstrated that only resting systolic (p=0,0001) and exercise diastolic (p=0,0303) blood pressures were significant and independent determinants of mass index. CONCLUSION--Resting and exercising blood pressures are the main determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Arterial Pressure , Echocardiography , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/etiology , Hypertension/complications , Exercise Test
18.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 62(5): 313-317, maio 1994. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-159842

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE--To evaluate the effects of long-term antihypertensive treatment in the frequency as well as in the complexity of ventricular arrhythmias in arterial hypertension. METHODS--Twenty three patients, 14 males and 11 whites, with mean age of 46 years, were submitted to 24 hours ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring and echocardiographic studies before and 9 months after antihypertensive treatment. RESULTS--There was no significant serum potassium level alteration, but significant reductions of both systolic (from 192 +/- 29mmHg to 161 +/- 25mmHg) and diastolic (from 122 +/- 17mmHg to 99 +/- 16mmHg) blood pressure. Left ventricular percent of fiber shortening significantly increased, even though only from 26 +/- 9 per cent to 30 +/- 9 per cent, and end-systolic wall stress did not change at all (before 258 +/- 94 10(3) dyn/cm2, after 255 +/- 101 10(3) dyn/cm2). Left ventricular mass index showed significant but also a discrete reduction from 211 +/- 75g/m2 to 196 +/- 70g/m2. Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring did not show any significant decrease in neither ventricular ectopic beats nor in couplets. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia episodes remained unchanged too. Four out of 8 patients with more than 30 ventricular ectopic beats per hour reduced it by more than 70 per cent. On the other hand, the number of patients with couplets was reduced from 10 to 8 whilst those with non-sustained ventricular tachycardia increased from 5 to 7. Furthermore, in 7 patients reevaluated 24 months thereafter results were not expressively dissimilar. CONCLUSION--In hypertensive patients with either severe degree of left ventricular hypertrophy or myocardial dysfunction, long-term blood pressure treatment that produce no impressive changes in these abnormalities also do not modify complex ventricular arrhythmias, in spite of a great reduction in the increase blood pressure


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Arterial Pressure , Time Factors , Echocardiography/drug effects , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory/drug effects , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology , Ventricular Function, Left , Hypertension/drug therapy
19.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 8(4): 266-71, out.-dez. 1993. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-161072

ABSTRACT

O tratamento cirúrgico do aneurisma do VE teve seus resultados incrementados com a aplicaçäo do princípio da reconstruçäo da geometria da cavidade do VE através da aplicaçäo de diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas. No auxílio da avaliaçäo imediata dos resultados da cirurgia, além dos parâmetros hemodinâmicos, a ecocardiografia transeofágica vem se mostrando um método útil e eficiente. No período de julho/91 a janeiro/92, 22 pacientes consecutivos portadores de aneurisma de VE foram operados, sendo 20 masculinos com idade variando de 35 a 72 anos (57, 1a). Dois grupos foram individualizados, sendo o grupo 1 (GI) composto por 11 pacientes que, além do tratamento do aneurisma de VE, receberam revascularizaçäo para outro território coronariano além da descendente anterior (DA) e GII com 11 pacientes que corrigiram o aneurisma de VE e näo revascularizaram outras coronárias. além da DA. Todos os pacientes apresentavam ICC, prévia à operaçäo, e 8 pacientes sintomas anginosos no GI e 3 no GII. Os dois grupos eram similares quanto a idade, sexo e presença de ICC. Todos os pacientes foram operados com auxílio de circulaçäo extracorpórea (CEC) em hipotermia moderada e pinçamento intermitente de aorta, pelo mesmo cirurgiäo. A técnica cirúrgica empregada constou da reconstruçäo da geometria da cavidade do VE com aplicaçäo de sucessivas plicaturas da regiäo septal e ântero-apical, além da RM nos casos já citados. Näo houve óbitos e, além de suporte hemodinâmico com drogas inotrópicas, 4 pacientes fizeram uso de baläo intra-órtico, com boa evoluçäo posteriro. A avaliaçäo ecocardiográfica foi realizada antes do inícioda CEC e após a saída de CEC em quadro de estabilidade hemodinâmica. Vários parâmetros foram avaliados como: espessamento da parede inferior que no pré-CEC era 31 por cento no GI e 28 por centono G11 e no pós-CEC mudou para 62 por cento e 60 por cento no G1 a G11 (p,05). A fraçäo de ejeçäo variou de 24 por cento e 26 em G1 e G11 no pré-CEC para 51 por cento e 53 por cento em G1 e G11 no pós-CEC (p,05). O diâmetro diastóslico variou de 66 e 64 mm em G1 e G11 no pré-CEC para 54 e 52 mm após a correçäo em G1 e G11 (p,05). Em conclusäo, a técnica de reconstruçäo da geometria do VE se mostrou eficiente, confirmada por parâmetros hemodinâmicos e ecocardiográficos durante o intraoperatório.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Heart Aneurysm/surgery , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/surgery , Heart Aneurysm/etiology , Heart Aneurysm , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Intraoperative Period , Heart Ventricles/anatomy & histology
20.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 7(4): 235-42, out.-dez. 1992. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-164372

ABSTRACT

A ecodopplercardiografia ocupa posiçao de destaque no diagnóstico das valvopatias, pois fornece dados sobre a anatomia valvar, a área estenótica, os gradientes pressóricos e o grau da regurgitaçao. Seu uso na cirurgia cardíaca, com a abordagem epicárdiaca, é bastante conhecido. O advento da abordagem transeofágica, por nao interferir no campo operatório, facilitou a sua utilizaçao. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a utilidade da ETE na cirurgia da valva mitral. De julho de 1991 a janeirode l992, a ecodopplercardiografia transesofágica (ETE) monitorizou 198 cirurgias, das quais 65 foram sobre a valva mitral (VM). A idade variou de 8 a 62 anos e 42 pacientes eram do sexo feminino. A comissurotomia e papilarotomia (CP) foi o procedimento mais freqüente em 28 pacientes (pts), seguido do implante de bioprótese (BP) em 24 e da plastia (PL) em 19. A ETE pré-operatória confirmou o diagnóstico da lesao mitral em todos os pts, tendo acrescentado informaçoes quanto ao grau e direçao da insuficiência mitral (IM) em 8 dos 28 pts submetidos a CP. Modificou a orientaçao da abordagem da valva tricúspide em 9 oportunidades (3 por diagnosticar lesoes nao detectadas e 6 por evitar a abordagem desnecessária por melhor avaliaçao da lesao. Quanto aos pts submetidos a implante de BP, 6 já tinham próteses disfuncionantes, em 12 pts a BP foi implantada de imediato por decisao do cirurgiao e, em 6 pts, a BP foi implantada após a detecçao da presença de IM importante pós-correçao. Quanto ao pts submetidos a PL, 12 tinham prolapso, 6 tinham insuficiência coronária e 1 era pós-operatório tardio de correçao de defeito do septo atrioventricular. Em apenas l pt foi necessária nova CEC para nova plastia. A avaliaçao da IM pós CEC evidenciou 7 pts (lO por cento) com IM importante, sendo necessária nova CEC, e mostrou IM leve em 15 pts, moderada em 8 e importante em l onde nao foi realizada nova CEC. A ETE é um método de grande valor no auxílio do planejamento cirúrgico nas doenças da VM, bem como na avaliaçao imediata dos resultados operatórios possibilitando ao cirurgiao uma adequada análise anatômica e funcional da estrutura abordada.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Child , Adult , Echocardiography, Doppler , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Intraoperative Care , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/diagnosis
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