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Endocrine ; 56(2): 346-356, 2017 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28233096

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Autonomic nervous system imbalance is associated with metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Glibenclamide is an antidiabetic drug that acts by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Since there is scarce data concerning autonomic nervous system activity and diabetes, the aim of this work was to test whether glibenclamide can improve autonomic nervous system activity and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor function in pre-diabetic obese male rats. METHODS: Pre-diabetes was induced by treatment with monosodium L-glutamate in neonatal rats. The monosodium L-glutamate group was treated with glibenclamide (2 mg/kg body weight /day) from weaning to 100 days of age, and the control group was treated with water. Body weight, food intake, Lee index, fasting glucose, insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, omeostasis model assessment of ß-cell function, and fat tissue accumulation were measured. The vagus and sympathetic nerve electrical activity were recorded. Insulin secretion was measured in isolated islets challenged with glucose, acetylcholine, and the selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists by radioimmunoassay technique. RESULTS: Glibenclamide treatment prevented the onset of obesity and diminished the retroperitoneal (18%) and epididymal (25%) fat pad tissues. In addition, the glibenclamide treatment also reduced the parasympathetic activity by 28% and glycemia by 20% in monosodium L-glutamate-treated rats. The insulinotropic effect and unaltered cholinergic actions in islets from monosodium L-glutamate groups were increased. CONCLUSION: Early glibenclamide treatment prevents monosodium L-glutamate-induced obesity onset by balancing autonomic nervous system activity.


Subject(s)
Glyburide/therapeutic use , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Obesity/metabolism , Prediabetic State/drug therapy , Vagus Nerve/drug effects , Adipose Tissue/drug effects , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Adipose Tissue/physiopathology , Animals , Autonomic Nervous System/drug effects , Autonomic Nervous System/metabolism , Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Body Weight/drug effects , Eating/drug effects , Glyburide/pharmacology , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Insulin/blood , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects , Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism , Male , Obesity/physiopathology , Prediabetic State/chemically induced , Prediabetic State/metabolism , Prediabetic State/physiopathology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Sodium Glutamate , Vagus Nerve/physiopathology
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